第一节生态监测的概念和理论依据 第二节野外生态监测的基本方法 第三节生物测试

第一节种群的基本概念 一、种群同一物种在一定空间和一定时间的个体的集合体.是具有潜在互配能力的个体 二、区别种群和种(物种)的概念种是能够相互配育的自然种群的类群不同种之间存在生殖隔离现象.是一个分类阶元.一个物种可以包括许多种群;不同种群之间存在明显的地理隔离,长期隔离有可能发展为不同亚种甚至产生新的物种

第一节环境污染的概念及其防治措施 第二节水体污染与废水处理的生物对策 第三节大气污染及其防治 第四节土壤的污染与防治

什么是生态学（Ecology）？ 生态学的研究对象及分支学科 什么是环境生态学？ 生态学的发展简史 环境生态学前沿

Population, environment and development For example World population has more than doubled in only 43 years, from 2.5 billion in 1950 to 5.5 billion in 1993. Unless death rates rise sharply, it may reach 11 billion by 2045, and 14 billion by 2100 Resources, economic development, and resource scarcity All countries seek economic growth: increasing their capacity to provide goods and services for final

Globalization defined 1. The manifestations of globalization include the spatial reorganization of production, the interpenetration of industries across borders, the spread of financial markets, the diffusion of identical consumer goods to distant countries, massive transfers of population within the South as well as from the South and the East to the West, resultant conflicts between immigrant and established communities in formerly tight-knit neighborhoods, and an emerging worldwide

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300071) Abstract: This paper summed up the Course and the achievement of Chinese promoting Cleaner Production. It emphasized the creativity of mechanism of Chinas CP development in future, include to bring CP into its Social-Economical Development Program, to encourage local governments to promote CP, to encourage departments to support CP, etc Key Words: Cleaner Production, pollution control, sustainable development, creativity of mechanism

What is wetland? Areas where water covers the soil Link between water and land water saturation in soil Most fertile and productive ecosystems support both aquatic and terrestrial species tound in every continents except the Antartica Wetland classification Physical hydrological

With a population of 12.5 billion and relatively low economic, scientific and technical Industries did not adhere to a standard of environmental performance and environmental agencies lacked sufficient funds and authority to enforce environmental regulations Cities are the engines of economic growth. Unfortunately, cities in China are facing serious

History of Agricultural Development Food Gathering Domestication of Crops Organic Farming Transgenic Farming since Green Revolution) High inputs of energy subsidies including fertilizers, pesticides, fossil fuels, mechanization, irrigation advanced technology High outputs at the expense of environmental integrity Contamination of ground water surface water by agrochemicals sediments Hazards to human and animal health(e.g. residual effect of methamidophos in vegetables, Agent orange in Vietnam, cross-Atlantic DDT contamination Loss of genetic diversity in plants and animals