Motion sickness: a synthesis and evaluation of the sensory conflict theor Man Vehicle Laboratory, Massachuserrs Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A Received December 15. 1988 M. 1990. Motion sickness: a synthesis and evaluation of the sensory conflict theory. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol erebral ischemia

“One should beware of mathematicians and all who make empty prophecies. The danger already exists that the mathematicians have made a covenant with the devil to darken the spirit and confine man in the bonds of Hell” St Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, circa 400 A.D “To move things is all that Mankind can do…For such the

overshoot when the conflict stimulus is tumed off. The slow humoral information transmission. If so, a search for the ath block nom her gain (by a fact the fast path, and at the beginning of notionally th Slow path output act

Muscles Active while Lengthening Consider the example of ordinary exercise, lets say one of the running events in the Olympics. Muscle functions to stop the motion of the athlete as often as it does to start it. When a load larger than isometric tetanus tension To is applied to a muscle in a tetanic state of activation, the muscle lengthens at a constant

Outline Review of Muscle Contraction – From AP generation to contraction of fibers – Muscle proprioceptors (spindles and Golgi tendons) – Afferent and efferent axons

1. In shortening, the relationship between the Force and Velocity is (Hill's Curve - know this!!): (T+a)(v+b) = (T0+a)b Hyperbolic Form

Part II Musculoskeletal Dynamics

Musculoskeletal Dynamics Grant Schaffner

Robot / Human Comparisons (how inhumane) Table I presents some of the elements of robotic and animal movement systems neatly compared for your viewing pleasure. Table I. Comparison of Movement Control Systems in the Robot and Human

Early Ideas about Muscular Contraction Hippocrates thought that the tendons caused the body to move (he confused tendons with nerves, and in fact used the same word, neuron, for both)