Chapter 3 Designing Safer Chemicals
Chapter 3 Designing Safer Chemicals
General Principles for Designing Safer Chemicals Methods for Designing Safer Chemicals Chapter 3 Designing Safer Chemicals
General Principles for Designing Safer Chemicals Methods for Designing Safer Chemicals Chapter 3 Designing Safer Chemicals
3.1 General Principles for Designing Safer Chemicals ❖ Two main ways to avoid Hazard and Toxicity ❖ 1：make it not possible to enter the body, ❖ 2：make it not possible to affect the bio-chemical and physiological processes(生物化学和生理过程) hazardously. ❖ to human beings, to environment Direct hazard & Indirect hazard
3.1 General Principles for Designing Safer Chemicals ❖ Two main ways to avoid Hazard and Toxicity ❖ 1：make it not possible to enter the body, ❖ 2：make it not possible to affect the bio-chemical and physiological processes(生物化学和生理过程) hazardously. ❖ to human beings, to environment Direct hazard & Indirect hazard
❖ They refer to the reduction in exposure by designing chemicals that influence important physical and chemical properties related to environmental distribution and the up-take of the chemical by man and other living organisms. External considerations General Principles for Designing Safer Chemicals
❖ They refer to the reduction in exposure by designing chemicals that influence important physical and chemical properties related to environmental distribution and the up-take of the chemical by man and other living organisms. External considerations General Principles for Designing Safer Chemicals
❖ Structural designs or redesigns: increase degradation rates and those that reduce volatility（挥发性）, persistence in the environment or conversion in the environment to biologically active substances External considerations ❖ Molecular designs : reduce or impede（妨碍） absorption by man, animals and aquatic life（水生生物） also represent important external considerations
❖ Structural designs or redesigns: increase degradation rates and those that reduce volatility（挥发性）, persistence in the environment or conversion in the environment to biologically active substances External considerations ❖ Molecular designs : reduce or impede（妨碍） absorption by man, animals and aquatic life（水生生物） also represent important external considerations