Bacterial Redox SensorsChao WangOct 5,2005
Bacterial Redox Sensors Chao Wang Oct 5, 2005
JeffreyGreen andMark S.PagetBacterial redox sensorsNat Rev Microbiol. 2004 Dec;2(12):954-66.ReviewKrebsInstituteforBiomolecularResearchDepartment of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversityofSheffield,United Kingdom
Jeffrey Green and Mark S. Paget Bacterial redox sensors Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004 Dec;2(12):954-66. Review. Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Research, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
Redox reactions pervade living cellsThe ability to maintain redox balance is therefore vital to allorganisms.Various regulatory sensors continually monitor the redoxstate of the internal and external environments and controlthe processes that work to maintain redox homeostasisThese sensors convert the redox signals into regulatoryoutputs, usually at the level of transcription, which allowsthe bacterium to adapt to the altered redox environment
Redox reactions pervade living cells. The ability to maintain redox balance is therefore vital to all organisms. Various regulatory sensors continually monitor the redox state of the internal and external environments and control the processes that work to maintain redox homeostasis. These sensors convert the redox signals into regulatory outputs, usually at the level of transcription, which allows the bacterium to adapt to the altered redox environment
Some well-characterized bacterial redox sensors and theirmechanisms relate to biological functionsThiol-based redox sensorsFe-S cluster-based sensorsHaem-based sensorsFlavin cofactor-based redox sensorsPyridine nucleotidesQuinoneredoxsensors
Some well-characterized bacterial redox sensors and their mechanisms relate to biological functions • Thiol-based redox sensors • Fe–S cluster-based sensors • Haem-based sensors • Flavin cofactor-based redox sensors • Pyridine nucleotides • Quinone redox sensors
Thiol-based redox sensorsThiol-based sensorfunctionis reviewedTypically, these sensors use cysteinemodification to sense redox alterations.Examples include OxyR in Escherichia coli, theR-RsrA system in Streptomyces coelicolor, CrtJand the RegB-RegA in Rhodobactersphaeroides, and OhrR from Bacillus subtilis.. Cysteine is uniquely suited to sensing a range ofredox signals because the thiol side-chain canbe oxidized to several different redox states,many of which are readily reversible
Thiol-based redox sensors • Thiol-based sensor function is reviewed. Typically, these sensors use cysteine modification to sense redox alterations. Examples include OxyR in Escherichia coli, the R-RsrA system in Streptomyces coelicolor, CrtJ and the RegB−RegA in Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and OhrR from Bacillus subtilis. • Cysteine is uniquely suited to sensing a range of redox signals because the thiol side-chain can be oxidized to several different redox states, many of which are readily reversible