UNIT 3 ADD MORE INFORMATION Objectives Leam how to classify people and things Leam how to describe people and things Leam how to identify and describe mental states Listening and reading =o) Exercise, Diet and Weight Americans are concerned about their weight. Everyone knows that it's important to eat healthy food and get more exercise. We see commercials for exercise machines showing slim and fit people exercising. Health clubs are full of people trying to get in shape. Sales of diet colas and low-calorie foods indicate that Americans want to be slim. However, 50 percent of Americans are overweight. Why is this so? There are several reasons for this First, today's lifestyle does not include enough physical activities. When the US was an agricultural society, farmers ate a big, healthy meal, but they burned off the calories by doing hard physical labor Today most people dont get enough exercise. When they get home from work, they're usually too ired to get regular exercise. Another reason why Americans don 't lose weight is that they eat unhealthy food. They are influenced by commercials for fatty foods, soft drinks, candy and sugary cereals which all look good. Even though most people know that these foods arent healthy, many don t have enough time to eat a well-balanced diet. It's easy to stop at a fast-food restaurant to pick up a greasy burger and fries. These foods are high in fat, carbohydrates, sodium and calories Eating a high-fat diet and not getting enough exercise can result in heart disease for many people. Think and answer 1. What are the two reasons for Americans being overweight? 2. What kind of meal did farmers eat when the US was an agricultural country? 3. Why do people not get enough exercise today? 4. What kind of food and drinks are mentioned in the commercials?
Structures in Use Focus One Word Tool Box 形容词可以修饰或描写表示人和事物的名词 Qualities of peopleand things Helen Keller became blind and deaf after a sudden fever when she was active attractive only 19 months old. As she grew. she was angry and frustrated because bad beautiful she couldnt understand and communicate with people. She became wild throwing things and kicking and biting. How sad and disappointed she must have been! When Helen was seven years old, a teacher, Anne Sullivan, came to teach her how to talk using her fingers. Helen was very reat handsome happyand excited. When she was ten years old. she could speak clearly heavy enough for people to understand her. Helen was a very intelligent young lady. She went to an institute for blind people, where she did very well in her studies. The teachers were all pleased and satisfied with her. Henrich she went to college, where she graduated with honours when she was 24 short years old. She wrote her first of many books. The Story of My Life. in 1903.stupid tall young Focus Two Word Tool Box 形容词可以用来描述内心状态 Mental states Jo did not want to move. She loved Cambridge and she liked her school afraid angry anxious there. She had a lot of friends and she enjoyed meeting up with them in mad nervous proud the dty centre at weekends. When it was time to leave. Jo was sad. Her sure parents packed the last things into the car. Jo looked at the small house Her heart was heavy and she cried silently because she did not want her fear parents to see that she was so unhappy. Who was she going to meet in t happinessjoy her new school? Would she like her new home? Everything was black sorrow surprise and Jo was too sad to think. excited interested The car stopped in front of a very large old building. Jo's father opened the car door and looked at the house with a smile. He was content because angled hey had arrived at their new home, but Jo thought it was cold and grey ed worried Word Tool Box 表示颜色的词语在描述景物时很有表现力 Autumn is the season that comes after summer Leaves of red gold. brown and yellow fall from the trees. Autumn is the season when leaves chang block scarlet olour and fruits become ripe. Beautiful yellow corn grows in green fields white Golden apples, heavy on the trees, fall to the leaf-covered ground below brown yellow Golden rays of balmy sunshine become like butter on warm bread. The green light red harvest moon grows big and looks like a silver world in the black sky. orana Huge golden pumpkins become ripe and ready to eat. Autumn becomes a blue beautiful landscape. painted in colours, which an artist must feel. Autumn puts on its winter coat and tums the scene ready for the winter snow. dark blue
Focus Four Word Tool Box 由国家。地区,民族演化而来的形容词可以修饰NP,表示地域限制的 Chinese British 普通形容词也可修饰NP.用于较为确切的空间限定 American Canadian People in different countries have different festivals. The Chinese people Australian Indian enjoy many festivals, especially the Spring Festival. But the British people. central the American people. the Canadian people. the Australian people all enjoy local Christmas. Christmas is on December 25th each year. It is the most important festival in western countries. Besides Christmas, both the American people straight modern social and the Canadian people have another important festival: Thanksgiving Day. American people celebrate Thanksgiving Day on the fourth Thursday of Nowember, while the Canadian people enjoy Thanksgiving Day on the second monday of October Focus Five Word Tool Box 由动词的一e形式和-ing形式构成的形容词叫“分词性形容词 ed adjectives armed boiled broken Mary: Im disappointed in my score for the last assig closed developed Teacher: That's because your work was disappointing finished fixed hidden Mary: Can you tell me how I can have it improved? hut skilled Teacher: You should have understood that the divided assignment improved made up of three separate parts and that the hidden solution ing adjectives cant be found out until all three parts are completed Mary: That's really surprising. But the liquid is boiled and canned Yes, the assignment asks how the fixed amount is measured. Teacher: Exactly. you have described the task well interesting disappointing Focus Six Word Tool Box 由动词-ng形式构成的形容词与它们修饰的词语通常有一种“潜在的主 调关系 ing adjective Mr White often writes for children. He has written a great number of ongoing interesting stories. Now he is thinking of writing new stories. He wants developing to create a new character named Harry, who has a very special pair of boots. When he wears the boots. he can fly in the sky or even go to the moon. Surely the boots are interesting and the story is exiting but Mr White doesn't know how to end the story. It will be disappointing if Harry boiling finally reaches the moon but cannot come back home. It will be frightening if Harry at last learns that the boots belong to a terrible monster. No! Mr for the story. But what is it. do you know/ y. He needs a surprisingend White does not want to end the story this
Word Tool Box Focus Seven as. as. 比较人和事物常用形容词的比较级和最高级,也可以使用其他表达形式 be similar to the same as Soccer by far is the most popular sport of all the sports in the world. In be just like many countries, top international soccer players are as well-known as look like rock stars or actors. However, in 1994. when the World Cup soccer better than competition was held in the US. there was less interest in soccer among the taller of the two the Americans. Recently. however, Americans 'attitude toward soccer has the best of all been changing. In 1999. when the Women's world Cup was played in the more…ha US. there was more interest than ever before. Soccer is growing faster he most…of than any other sport More kids play soccer than baseball. Look at these kid- players. They are all similar to each other as they enjoy playing soccer No 10 is shorter than other boys, but hes better, No. 7 is the tallest and he is also the best ofall Focus Eight Word Tool Bo 形容词比较级还可以再加上一些修辞成分以强调“级差 I was far more worried about Seok Imm's passion for television soap much better operas such as Frends. I know this is much better than gossiping all day even more But she is so proud of her knowledge of soap operas that it's worse than even better having to listen to her mother, and that is much worse! However, it is still more getting a lot better, At least Seok Imm is setting the table now. You cant still bette ask for better than that considering that Friends is on now. Probably a a lot better slightly better situation for us all will be if I buy her the Friends DVD far better collection for Christmas and she can watch it when she wants to far more Focus Nine Word Tool Box 复合形容词的内部结构有不同的形式它们在表意上也有不可忽视的差异。 long-term Linda is a very warm- hearted woman. She helps everyone around her. middle-sized And everyone in the community knows her and loves her But she is quite narrow-minded different in her research work. She needs good-tempered and hard- warm-hearted working assistants. She wants first-class equipment and firsthand good-tempered information. She isnt very particular about her meals in her lab. Some hard-working ready-made food is all right. But when she gives a speech in public. she is first-class particular about everything she can think of Her assistants should be well-dressed and their behaviour should be well balanced, because she well-dressed knowsvery well that she is a world- famous scientist and a first class image
Exercises 1. Fill in the blanks with adjectives fast huge dar small powerful stupld large long harmless Dinosaurs lived on Earth a long time ago. Some dinosaurs were(I) and had (2) tails- they were bigger than a whole family of elephants. Others were very (3) -they were about the size of a chicken. Not all dinosaurs ate meat. Some just ate plants. Not all of them were (4) Some were (5) In the past, scientists thought that dinosaurs slow and stupid. We now know that many dinosaurs were fast and(6) Some were not ly (7) but clever too. Others were probably very (8) One very (9) dinosaur had a brain the size of a peanut 2. Fill in the blanks using the given words in the box Can you describe autumn with different colours? You may use the words more than once. brown red gold golden yellow silver black green Autumn is the season that comes after summer. Leaves of (1) (2) and(4) fall from the trees. Autumn is the season when leaves change colour and fruits becomes ripe. Beautiful (5) n() flelds. Golden apples, heavy on the trees, fall to the leaf-covered ground below. 7) rays of balmy sunshine become like butter on warm bread. The harvest moon grows blg and looks like a( 8) world in the(9) ky, Huge(10) pumpkins become ripe and ready to eat. Autumn becomes a beautiful landscape, painted in colours, which an artist must feel. Autumn puts on its winter coat and turns the scene ready for the winter snow. 3. Complete the phrases using adjectives with opposite meanings. An example is given below (1) classical music modern music (2) the urban area the () a full stomach stomach eastern culture culture (5 a beautiful dress (6) an expensive watch a watch (7) the cold weather weather (8) the poor people (9)aquiet park par (10) a narrow river river (11)an old temple temple (12) a simple problem -pI (13) a clean classroom classroon (14) the wrong answer (15) an easy job (16)an interesting programme Programme