1.晶体具有如下性质: ●均匀性:晶体内部各个部分的宏观性 质是相同的 ●各向异性:晶体种不同的方向上具有不 同的物理性质。 ●固定熔点:晶体具有周期性结构,熔化 时,各部分需要同样的温度。 ●规则外形:理想环境中生长的晶体应为 凸多边形 ●对称性:晶体的理想外形和晶体内部 结构都具有特定的对称性
均 匀 性: 晶体内部各个部分的宏观性 质是相同的。 各向异性: 晶体种不同的方向上具有不 同的物理性质。 固定熔点: 晶体具有周期性结构,熔化 时,各部分需要同样的温度。 规则外形: 理想环境中生长的晶体应为 凸多边形。 对 称 性: 晶体的理想外形和晶体内部 结构都具有特定的对称性。 1. 晶体具有如下性质:
刚玉 邻苯二甲酸氢 T-目
刚玉 邻苯二甲酸氢 锗酸铋 电气石
2.晶体结构与空间点阵-A(术语回顾) 晶体( crysta) It is solid. The arrangement of atoms in the crystal is periodIc. 点阵( Lattice) An infinite array of points in space, in which each point has identical surroundings to all others. 晶体结构( Crystal Structure) It can be described by associating each lattice point with a group of atoms called the MOTIF (BASIS) 单位晶胞( Unit Cel1) The smallest component of the crystal, which when stacked together with pure translational repetition reproduces the whole crystal 晶胞参数 Unit Cell dimensions a, b and c are the unit cell edge lengths β and y are the angles( a between b and c,β between c and a, y between a and bc)
2. 晶体结构与空间点阵-A(术语回顾) • 晶体(crystal) It is solid.The arrangement of atoms in the crystal is periodic. • 点阵(Lattice) An infinite array of points in space, in which each point has identical surroundings to all others. • 晶体结构(Crystal Structure) It can be described by associating each lattice point with a group of atoms called the MOTIF (BASIS) • 单位晶胞(Unit Cell) The smallest component of the crystal, which when stacked together with pure translational repetition reproduces the whole crystal • 晶胞参数Unit Cell Dimensions a, b and c are the unit cell edge lengths. a, b and g are the angles (a between b and c, b between c and a , g between a and b c .)
晶向和晶面指数 Direction: [111] Plane:(110)
晶向和晶面指数
2.晶体结构与空间点阵-B 等同点与结点 结构基元:原子、分子或其集团 晶体结构=空间点阵十结构基完
2. 晶体结构与空间点阵-B • 等同点与结点 • 结构基元:原子、分子或其集团 • 晶体结构=空间点阵+结构基元