Monosubstituted benzene derivatives are 0. systematically named in the same manner as other hydrocarbons, with-benzene used as the parent name. Thus, C6H5 Br is bromobenzene, and C6Hs CH2 CH3 is propylbenzene Alkyl-substituted benzene are named in tow different ways depending on the size 司 of the alkyl group Rs6, alkyl-substituted benzene Q-R>6, phenyl-substituted alkane
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University Monosubstituted benzene derivatives are systematically named in the same manner as other hydrocarbons, with –benzene used as the parent name. Thus, C 6 H 5Br is bromobenzene, and C 6 H 5CH 2CH 2CH 3 is propylbenzene. Alkyl-substituted benzene are named in tow different ways depending on the size of the alkyl group: R 6, alkyl-substituted benzene; R 6, phenyl-substituted alkane
苯环作为取代基的情况 .OH之前基团与苯环相连时; 带较长烷基(>C6减或取代基较复杂时 分子中有多个苯环,以任一苯环为母体 命名都有困难时 取代基上带官能团时。 CHO CO,H SO2H 苯甲醛 苯甲酸 苯磺酸 e Benzaldehyde benzoic acid benzenesulfonic acid
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University 苯环作为取代基的情况 OH之前基团与苯环相连时 带较长烷基(>C 6 )或取代基较复杂时 分子中有多个苯环 以任一苯环为母体 命名都有困难时 取代基上带官能团时 CHO C O 2H S O 3 H 苯甲醛 苯甲酸 苯磺酸 Be n z a l d e h y d e b e n z o i c a c i d b e n z e n e s u l fo n i c a c i d
CH CH CH2(CH2)5CH3 CH(CH2)4CH CH3 CH2CH-CHCH, z1苯基庚烷2苯基庚烷 2甲基3苯基戊烷 CH2CH2 CH CH=CH g1.2二苯基乙烷 苯基甲烷 苯乙烯 1, 2-diphenylethane triphenylmethane Phenyl ethylene ⑨D (Styrene)
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University CH 3 CH( C H 2 ) 4CH 3 2 苯基庚烷 CH 3CH 2CH CHCH 3 CH 3 2 甲基 3 苯基戊烷 CH 2(C H 2 ) 5CH 3 1 苯基庚烷 CH CH 2 苯乙烯 P henyl ethylene CH 2CH 2 CH 1,2 二苯基乙烷 三苯基甲烷 1,2 - d i p henylethane triphenylm ethane (Styrene)
2.二取代苯的命名 岂_2个取代基非母体官能团(1,2-0-邻;1,3-m-间 14-p对) 画_2个取代基中有母体官能团(确定主官能团,给最小 位号) ■多取代苯(确定主官能团,按最低系列原则编号) CH CH3 CH CH 3 CH ①D 1, 2-Dimethylbenzene 1, 2-Dimethy benzene 1, 2-Dimethylbenzene (o-Xylene) (meta-Xylene (para-Xylene ortho eta ⑨D 1,2一二甲苯 1,3-二甲苯 1,4-二甲苯 邻-二甲苯 间-二甲苯 对-二甲苯
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University 2. 二取代苯的命名 2个取代基非母体官能团(1,2- o- 邻 1,3- m- 间 1,4- p- 对 ) 2个取代基中有母体官能团 (确定主官能团 给最小 位号 ) 多取代苯 (确定主官能团 按最低系列原则编号 ) CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 1,2 -二甲 苯 1,3 -二甲 苯 1,4 -二甲 苯 邻 -二甲苯 间 -二甲苯 对 -二甲 苯 ( para-Xylene) 1,2- D i m ethylben zen e 1,2-D i m e t hylbenzene 1,2-Dime t hylbenz e n e ( o - Xylene ) (meta-Xylene) or th o meta pa r a
COOH Br nO2 3-Chlorobenzoic acid 1-Bromo-3-nitrobenzene 3-氯苯甲酸 1-硝基-3-溴苯 OH CHO Br Br NH ①D HO 0 2, 6-Dibromophenol 2-amino-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde 2.6-二溴苯酚 2-氨基-5-羟基苯甲醛
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University Br NO 2 1 -硝基 - 3 - 溴 苯 1-B r o m o-3-nitrobenzen e Cl COO H 3-Chlo r obenzoic acid 3 - 氯苯甲酸 OH Br Br 2, 6 - D ibrom ophenol 2, 6 -二溴苯酚 CHO NH 2 HO 2 -氨基 - 5 -羟基苯甲醛 2- a m i n o - 5-hydroxy b e n z a ldehyde