新能源材料与技术Renewable Energy: Materials and TechnologiesL2: Solar Energy and Conversion Technologies (I)- Photovoltaic (PV)- Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) (1)Dr Yimin Chaoy.chao@uea.ac.ukwww.uea.ac.uk/chemistry/people/faculty/chao
新能源材料与技术 Renewable Energy: Materials and Technologies L2: Solar Energy and Conversion Technologies (I) - Photovoltaic (PV) - Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) (1) Dr Yimin Chao y.chao@uea.ac.uk www.uea.ac.uk/chemistry/people/faculty/chao
Whydowewanttousesolarenergy?7.2 TW32TW包-86.000 TWHydroGeothermal870TW15 TW印GlobalSolarWindConsumptionCover0.15%oftheearth'ssurfacewith15%efficientsolardevices-problemsolved!
Why do we want to use solar energy? Cover 0.15% of the earth’s surface with 15% efficient solar devices – problem solved! 2
Solar RadiationEnergy from the sun in the form of ultra-violet, visible and infra-redelectromagnetic radiation is known as solar radiation.Annual solar radiation on ahorizontalsurfaceattheequator赤道isover2000kWh/m?In Northern Europe this fallsto about 1000 kWh/m? (perannum)The tilt between the sun andthe land reduces the intensityUltraviolet0.20 -0.39 μmVisibleof the midday sun0.39- 0.78 μmNear-Infrared0.78 - 4.00 μmInfrared4.00-100.00 μm3
Solar Radiation • Annual solar radiation on a horizontal surface at the equator 赤道is over 2000 kWh/m2 • In Northern Europe this falls to about 1000 kWh/m2 (per annum) • The tilt between the sun and the land reduces the intensity of the midday sun Ultraviolet 0.20 - 0.39 µm Visible 0.39 - 0.78 µm Near-Infrared 0.78 - 4.00 µm Infrared 4.00 - 100.00 µm Energy from the sun in the form of ultra-violet, visible and infra-red electromagnetic radiation is known as solar radiation. 3
Question l:Direct sunlight of an average intensity of 200 W m-2 is incidentnormally on a solar cell. The area of the cell is O.1 m?.(i) What is the total incident energy in 1 day?(i) How is this total energy altered if the sunlight falls at anangle of30o to thenormal of the surface of the cell?
4 Question 1: Direct sunlight of an average intensity of 200 W m-2 is incident normally on a solar cell. The area of the cell is 0.1 m2. (i) What is the total incident energy in 1 day? (ii) How is this total energy altered if the sunlight falls at an angle of 30o to the normal of the surface of the cell?
(1)Photovoltaic conversion:> conversion of radiation energy(light) to electrical energy, canbe achieved usingSOLARPANELsemiconductormaterialsLOADIAGRAM> p-n junction is required inn-typesilicororder to produce a gradient toJunctiontransport chargesp-type siliconPHOTOHSELECTROHFLOWPor"HOLEFLOW5
5 (1) Photovoltaic conversion: Ø conversion of radiation energy (light) to electrical energy, can be achieved using semiconductor materials; Ø p-n junction is required in order to produce a gradient to transport charges