Common types of eye injury ●Corneal abrasions ● ● Foreign bodies ● Radiation damage Chemical damage ● Blunt injuries with hyphaema ● Penetrating injuries
Common types of eye injury • ● Corneal abrasions • ● Foreign bodies • ● Radiation damage • ● Chemical damage • ● Blunt injuries with hyphaema • ● Penetrating injuries
Assessment ■History ■Forces involved Blunt,FB?,Penetrating ■Chemical ■Acid? ■Alkali?? ■Contact allergy?
Assessment ◼History ◼Forces involved ◼Blunt, FB?, Penetrating ◼Chemical ◼Acid? ◼Alkali? ◼Contact allergy?
Examination ■Pt review are there life threatening injuries which need to be treated first? ■？brain injury,fracture ☐Facial Exam lacerations/bruising,numbness,weakness ■Ocular exam VA,lids and lacrimal system,orbital rim/orbital bones, ocular motility,globe,optic nerve
Examination ◼ Pt review ◼ are there life threatening injuries which need to be treated first? ◼?brain injury , fracture ◼ Facial Exam ◼ lacerations/bruising, numbness, weakness ◼ Ocular exam ◼ VA, lids and lacrimal system, orbital rim/orbital bones, ocular motility, globe, optic nerve
Examination ■Visual Acuity ■Skin/lids Evidence of severity of injury ■Evert lids ■？Subtarsal FB Look for fine scratches on upper cornea ■Conjunctiva ■Laceration Look carefully for scleral injury beneath ■Sub conj hemorrhage
Examination ◼ Visual Acuity ◼ Skin/lids ◼ Evidence of severity of injury ◼ Evert lids ◼ ? Subtarsal FB ◼ Look for fine scratches on upper cornea ◼ Conjunctiva ◼ Laceration ◼ Look carefully for scleral injury beneath ◼ Sub conj hemorrhage
Examination... ■Cornea ■ris ■Fluorescein stain- Transillumination defects abrasion/wound ■Peaked pupil ■Leak ■Dilated pupil ■Infiltrate ■Check for RAPD ■FB ■Lens ■Anterior chamber ■Red reflex ■Stability ■Cells ■IOP ■Hyphaema ■+/-angle ■Hypopyon
Examination… ◼ Cornea ◼ Fluorescein stain - abrasion/wound ◼ Leak ◼ Infiltrate ◼ FB ◼ Anterior chamber ◼ Cells ◼ Hyphaema ◼ Hypopyon ◼ Iris ◼ Transillumination defects ◼ Peaked pupil ◼ Dilated pupil ◼ Check for RAPD ◼ Lens ◼ Red reflex ◼ Stability ◼ IOP ◼ +/- angle