Decision Maker Level 0 External Stakeholders Policy,etc. Policy,etc. Level 1 Firm Contracts Customer Organizational Goals Requirements Operational Strategy Level 2 Designer User Definition of Levels designs uses Level 2-Close connection to System Level 1-Distant connection to System Level 0-Little or no connection to System CLGO System Engineering by J.J.Gao 16
+ - System Engineering by J. J. Gao 16 Decision Maker Definition of Levels Level 2 – Close connection to System Level 1 – Distant connection to System Level 0 – Little or no connection to System External Stakeholders Firm Customer Designer User Level 0 Level 1 Level 2 Contracts Organizational Goals Operational Strategy
Concept Choice:Example Example: C(a)=1.1 √There are three P(a)=0.8 R(a)=1.5 options of design:a,b, C ·cost C(b)=1.0 / The design focus on ● performance P(b)=0.6 。risk three key attributes: R(b)=1.3 Cost,Performance, Risk C(c)=1.3 √How to make decision? P(c)=0.9 R(c)=1.4 Which one is the best choice? CLGO System Engineering by J.J.Gao 17
+ - System Engineering by J. J. Gao 17 Concept Choice: Example Example: There are three options of design: a, b, c The design focus on three key attributes: Cost, Performance, Risk How to make decision? C(a)=1.1 P(a)=0.8 R(a)=1.5 C(b)=1.0 P(b)=0.6 R(b)=1.3 C(c)=1.3 P(c)=0.9 R(c)=1.4 Which one is the best choice?
Issue in Concept Selection multiple criteria how to deal with them what if there are ties between alternatives? group decision making versus individual decision making? relates to stakeholder analysis ■ uncertainty right criteria? right valuation? are the best alternatives represented? CLGO System Engineering by J.J.Gao 18
+ - System Engineering by J. J. Gao 18 Issue in Concept Selection
Methods Pugh Matrix Uses +0,-to score alternatives relative to a datum Named after Stuart Pugh Utility Analysis Maps criteria to dimensionless Utility(0->1) Rooted in Utility Theory (von Neumann-Morgenstern 1944) CLGO System Engineering by J.J.Gao 19
+ - System Engineering by J. J. Gao 19 Methods
Today's Agenda o( Concept Generation,Concept Selection Decision Making in Concept Selection Simple Methods:Pugh Matrix Multi-Attribute Utility Non-Dominance Relationship Tradespace Exploration Example: Space Tug CLGO System Engineering by J.J.Gao 20
+ - 20 Today’s Agenda Concept Generation, Concept Selection Decision Making in Concept Selection Simple Methods: Pugh Matrix Multi-Attribute Utility Non-Dominance Relationship Tradespace Exploration Example: Space Tug System Engineering by J. J. Gao