Chapter 12,part D The Eukaryotes:Fungi,Algae,Protozoa,and Helminths
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein Chapter 12, part D The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths
The Helminths Fungi Algae Protozoa Helminths Kingdom Fungi Protist Protist Animalia Nutritional type Chemoheterotroph Photoautotroph Chemoheterotroph Chemoheterotroph Multicellularity All,except yeasts Some None All Cellular arrangement Unicellular,filamen- Unicellular,colonial, Unicellular Tissues and organs tous,fleshy (such filamentous; as mushrooms) tissues Food acquisition Absorptive Absorptive Absorptive;ingestive Ingestive (mouth); method (cytostome) absorptive Characteristic Sexual and asexual Pigments Motility;some Many have elaborate features spores form cysts life cycles,includ- ing egg,larva, and adult Embryo formation None None None A Table 12.1
The Helminths Table 12.1
Helminths (parasitic worms) 。Eukaryotic Multicellular animals 。Chemoheterotrophic 。Kingdom:Animalia Phylum:Platyhelminthes (flatworms) Class:Trematodes (flukes) Class:Cestodes (tapeworms) Phylum:Nematodes (roundworms)
• Helminths (parasitic worms) • Eukaryotic • Multicellular animals • Chemoheterotrophic • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Platyhelminthes (flatworms) • Class: Trematodes (flukes) • Class: Cestodes (tapeworms) • Phylum: Nematodes (roundworms)
Trematodes Oral sucker Oral sucker Intestine Intestine Ventral sucker Ovary Testis (a)Fluke anatomy (b)Clonorchis sinensis Figure 12.25
Trematodes Figure 12.25
Humans as Definitive Host Hermaphroditic adult fluke releases eggs into human lung ⑧Infected crayfish is Adult fluke eaten by human,and (7.5-12 mm long metacercaria develops Metacercaria into adult fluke (0.25-0.5mm) In crayfish,cercaria encysts to produce metacercaria Sexual reproduction Eg9s● ②Eggs reach water Definitive host after being excreted in feces Intermediate host Cercaria leaves ④Free-swimming miracidium snail and enters enters snail Miracidium develops crayfish in egg and hatches from egg Cercaria Intermediate host Redia Inside snail,miracidium develops into redia,which reproduces asexually Cercaria Asexual Miracidium to produce rediae:several (0.5 mm long) reproduction (0.8mm long) cercaria develop within redia Figure 12.26
Humans as Definitive Host Figure 12.26