()三联子密码破译核甘酸序列氨基酸序列5' ——AUCGACCUGAGC3'mRNA4→ 20 (X)AUCGACCUGAGC —— 3'mRNA5'42=16 → 20 (X)3'mRNAAUCGACCUGAGC5'43=64→20 (V)
(二)三联子密码破译 mRNA 5′ AUCGACCUGAGC 3′ 4 20 (×) mRNA 5′ AUCGACCUGAGC 3′ 4 2=16 20 (×) mRNA 5′ AUCGACCUGAGC 3′ 4 3=64 20 (√) 核甘酸序列 氨基酸序列
遗传密码的破译,即确定代表每种氢基酸的具体密码,SecondletterCUUGUUUUUAUUCUPhenyl-TyrosineCysteine0UUCUACUGCUCCalanineLSerineUCAAUGAUAAUUAStopcodonStopcodonLeucineUCGUUGUAGGStopcodonUGGTyptopharUCAUCGUCUUCCUHistidineCACCCCCCUCCGCProlineLeucineArginineCGACUACCAACAACCGGlutamineCUGCGGCAGGUAUUAAUAGUACUSerineAsparagineAUCAACAGCIsoleucineACCThreonineAUAACAAMethionineAAAAGALysineArginineACGinitiationAGGAUGAAGGcodonUGAUGUUGCUAsparticGGUUGACGCCGUCacidGGCValineAlanineGlycine4AGGUAGCAGGAGAAGlutamicGUGGCGGGGGAGacid至1966年,20种氢基酸对应的61个密码子和三个终止密码子全部被查清
●至1966年,20种氨基酸对应的61个密码子和三 个终止密码子全部被查清。 遗传密码的破译,即确定代表每种氨基酸的具体密码
(三)遗传密码的性质1、简并性由一种以上密码子编码同一个氨基酸的现象称头为简并(degeneracy),对应于同一氨基酸的密码子称为同义密码子(synonymous codon)
(三)遗传密码的性质 1、简并性 由一种以上密码子编码同一个氨基酸的现象称为 简并(degeneracy),对应于同一氨基酸的密码 子称为同义密码子(synonymous codon)
氨基酸氨基酸密码子数目密码子数目64LeuAla26LysArg21MetAsn22PheAsp24CysPro62SerGln24ThrGlu14GlyTrp22HisTyr34ValIle
SecondpositionCGAUUuUGUUAUUUCU>Phe>TyrCysUUCUCCUACUGCCSerUUAAUGAStopStopAUUAUCA>LeuUAGStopTrpGUUGJUCGUGGCAU UcUUCGUCCUHis6CUCCCCCACCGCCLeu>Pro>ArgonsoeosoACCACUACAACGA>GInGCUGCCGCAG)CGG2DAGUAUUAAUACUSer>AsnCAUC>lleAACACCAGCThrAAUAACAAGAAAAArg>LysGMetAUGACGAAGAGGJUGUUGAUGCUGGU>AspCGUCGCCGACGGC>ValG>Gly>AlaAGAAGUAGCAGGAGluGGUGGCGGAGGGG减少了变异对生物的影响
减少了变异对生物的影响