箧语中的独立主格结构归纲 非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻瓣主语应该是句子的主语。但有的 非谓语动词带有自己的主语,从而在结构上与主语不发生关系, 我们称之为抛立主格结构(4 bsolute construction)。其实,所谓“独 立主格结构”也并推真正独立,它还是一种从属的结构。 一、非谓语动词独立主格结构 在独立主格结构中,非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻 上的主谓关系。 1, Such an able man to help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later:.有这么于的人来帮你你迟早一定会成功的。( such an able man和 to help you之间存在着主谓关系) Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later 2, He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a son.他在书桌旁坐好后,他母亲开始给他讲故事。( eating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he,注意是“主榕”) When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. 3、 The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school..由于丢了自行 车钥匙,他只好步行去学校。(lost的逻舞主语是 the key,lost也
英语中的独立主格结构归纳 非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时 非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系， 我们称之为独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）。其实，所谓“独 立主格结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。 一、 非谓语动词独立主格结构 在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻 辑上的主谓关系。 1、 Such an able man to help you，you will surely succeed sooner or later. 有这么能干的人 来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。（such an able man 和 to help you 之间存在着主谓关系） = Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. 2、He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. 他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。（seating himself at the desk 拥有了自己的逻辑主语 he，注意是“主格”） = When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. 3、The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school. 由于丢了自行 车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。（lost 的逻辑主语是 the key，lost 也
可用完成式 having been lost) Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school A.不定式“独立主格结构” 在“逻辉主语+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或 代词存在着逻上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列 外句来表达。 1.动词不定式用主动的形式 在独立主格结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻 瓣上的主谓关系。 His mother to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner 他母亲今晚要来他正在着准备饭菜。 (As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner. will you go to the concert tonight你今晚去听音乐会吗? sorry. So many exerise-books to check, I rially can't afford any time 对不起,有这多的作业要批,我真的抽不出时间。 (=Because I shall check so many exercise-books tonight, I really can't afford any time. The four of us agreed on a division oflabour, each to translate a quarter of the book
可以用完成式 having been lost） = Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school. A． 不定式“独立主格结构” 在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或 代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列 分句来表达。 1．动词不定式用主动的形式 在独立主格结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻 辑上的主谓关系。 His mother to come tonight，he is busy preparing the dinner. 他母亲今晚要来,他正在忙着准备饭菜。 （= As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.） ——will you go to the comcert tonight 你今晚去听音乐会吗？ ——sorry.So many exerise-books to check,I rially can't afford any time. 对不起，有这多的作业要批，我真的抽不出时间。 （＝Because I shall check so many exercise-books tonight, I really can't afford any time.） The four of us agreed on a division of labour, each to translate a quarter of the book
我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。 (=The four of us agreed on a division of labour and each is to translate a quarter of the book. Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautifu.种上许多的树,花和草后,我们新建 的学校将看上去更美。(= ifmany tree, flowers, and grass are planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.) B.-ing形式“抛立主格结构” 动词的ing形式作状语时,其逻辉主语一般应与句子的主语保持 一致。 Being ill, he went home. 由于生病,他回家了。(= As he was very il, he went home) Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.在课桌旁 坐好后,他开始看杂志。(= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine. 1.表示时间的ig形式作独立主格结构” Everyone being read, the teacher began his class.每个人都准备好 后,老师开始上课。(相当于一个时间状语从句 When everyone was ready The chairman began the meeting, everyone being seated.每个人坐 好后,主席开始开会。(相当于一个时间状语从句 after everyone was
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。 （＝The four of us agreed on a division of labour and each is to translate a quarter of the book.） Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树，花和草后，我们新建 的学校将看上去更美。(=If many trees, flowers, and grass are planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.) B．-ing 形式“独立主格结构” 动词的-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持 一致。 Being ill, he went home. 由于生病,他回家了。（= As he was very ill, he went home.） Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine. 在课桌旁 坐好后，他开始看杂志。（= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.） 1． 表示时间的-ing 形式作“独立主格结构” Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class. 每个人都准备好 后，老师开始上课。（相当于一个时间状语从句 When everyone was ready) The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated. 每个人坐 好后，主席开始开会。（相当于一个时间状语从句 after everyone was
seated) 2.表示原因的ig形式作抛立主格结构 The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由那个男孩带路,我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。(相当于 一个原因状语从句 Because the boy led the way) Many eyes watching him,, he felt a bit nervous.許多晴看着他,他 感到有点儿紧张。(相当子一个原因状语从句 As many eyes were watching him) 必背: 含有 being的抛立主格结构。 It being National Day today, the streets are very crowded.今天是国 庆,街上很拥挤。 = As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home. &fy 的事可讨论,我们都回家了。 As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home. 3.表示条件的形式作抛立主格结构 Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week. 时允许的话,我们下星期将进行一米野。(相当于一个条件 状语从句time permits) My health allowing I will work far into the night
seated） 2． 表示原因的-ing 形式作“独立主格结构” The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由那个男孩带路，我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。（相当于 一个原因状语从句 Because the boy led the way） Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. 许多眼睛看着他，他 感到有点儿紧张。（相当于一个原因状语从句 As many eyes were watching him） 必背： 含有 being 的独立主格结构。 It being National Day today，the streets are very crowded. 今天是国 庆节,街上很拥挤。 = As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home. 没别 的事可讨论，我们都回家了。 = As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home. 3． 表示条件的-ing 形式作“独立主格结构” Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week. 时间允许的话，我们下星期将进行一次野炊。（相当于一个条件 状语从句 If time permits) My health allowing, I will work far into the night
我的健康许可的话,我原工作到擦夜。(相当于一个条件状语从 句 If my health allows) 4.表示方式的ig形式作“独立主格结构” The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest. 学生们快乐地在学校里走着,每个人胸前都带着一张卡。(相当 子一个并列分句 and each wears a card in front ofhis chest) The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky. 男孩躺在草地上,猜看着天空。(相当于一个并列分句 and his eyes were looking at the sky C.-ed形式抛立主格结构 与逻辑主语动词的形式一样,如果ed形式的逻舞主语和句 子的主语不一致的话,就需要用ed形式的独立主格结构。 The book written in simple english, English beginners were able to read it. 该书是用单英语写的,英语初学者也看。 As the book was written in simple english, English beginners were tble to read it. The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了
我的健康许可的话，我愿工作到深夜。（相当于一个条件状语从 句 If my health allows） 4． 表示方式的-ing 形式作“独立主格结构” The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest. 学生们快乐地在学校里走着，每个人胸前都带着一张卡。（相当 于一个并列分句 and each wears a card in front of his chest） The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky. 男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。（相当于一个并列分句 and his eyes were looking at the sky） C．-ed 形式“独立主格结构” 与逻辑主语+动词的-ing 形式一样，如果-ed 形式的逻辑主语和句 子的主语不一致的话，就需要用-ed 形式的独立主格结构。 The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it. 该书是用简单英语写的，英语初学者也能看懂。 = As the book was written in simple English，English beginners were able to read it. The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了