114.我妻子总喜欢留朋友吃顿便饭。 德i时作不的2意:式gt8neo的60 a可作"不拘礼节的 非正式的进,如:clothes for ual wear(使服)。但使饭"人们习惯用形容词light,.该 115.要测量海水的深度不是一件容易的事情。 1sat8Ughj8bt8aa6umrheenoe the 注:要测量某人的身高,某人物体的长、宽、高,某两点间的距离,某物体的运动速度等,都可以用measure一词,例如: The room measures10 meters across(这房间l0米),但惟有测量水深时不用measure,而要用fathom。 美国 不少人都梦想着能移民到那儿。 ed States isa immigrating into it 注:super-是一个前缀,表示特大的,超级的"等含义,例如:supermarket(超市),superstar(超级明星) superman(超) )等。superpower是"超级大国"的习惯表达 0ower木身也有强国,大国的含义, an industrial power(工业强国),the imperialist powers(帝国主义列强)等。用super country表示"超级大国"是中国式的英语。 117哈罗德激过 Harold invites a lady to dance in the dance r Harold invites a lady to dance in the dance floor 本。】 池”则为 rchestra pit 118.-我们这是上哪儿去 一去我的住处。 [误]-whe e are we going to? [i]-wher we going to? -To my dwelling place. (房屋里) 或寓所”,它也可 place等 可居的费他名 因为living作形容词所表 思是”适 lling house 119.-想喝点什么? 东吧 [误]- What w you like to drink? ]What would? -A cup of weak tea,pleas. 聚说来 形容食物” a light diet 清淡的饮食等形容酒的淡 可以翻译成strong,.例如: strong drinks装性酒) strong te (浓茶) 也可以译成thick,例如:thick soup(浓汤 10有人看见二位妇女和两个孩子朝路那边走去。 正A woman with children Iking down the road seen 读i在获语中,主语由as well as5,wit地,along wit地,together wit曲等连接时,消语动词要与这些连接词前面的名词或代词
114. 我妻子总喜欢留朋友吃顿便饭。 [误] My wife is fond of asking her friends to stay for a casual meal. [正] My wife is fond of asking her friends to stay for a light meal. 注:casual 可作“不拘礼节的,非正式的”讲,如:clothes for casual wear(便服)。但“便饭”人们习惯用形容词 light,该 词也有“随便的,不重要的”之意,如:a light conversation(闲谈)。 115. 要测量海水的深度不是一件容易的事情。 [误] It is a tough job to measure the depth of the sea. [正] It is a tough job to fathom the depth of the sea. 注:要测量某人的身高,某人物体的长、宽、高,某两点间的距离,某物体的运动速度等,都可以用 measure 一词,例如: The room measures 10 meters across(这房间10米),但惟有测量水深时不用 measure,而要用 fathom。 116. 美国是个超级大国,不少人都梦想着能移民到那儿。 [误] The United States is a super country, and many people dream of immigrating into it. [正] The United States is a superpower, and many people dream of immigrating into it. 注:super- 是一个前缀,表示“特大的,超级的”等含义,例如:supermarket(超市),superstar(超级明星), superman(超人)等。superpower 是“超级大国”的习惯表达,power 本身也有“强国,大国”的含义,如:an industrial power(工业强国),the imperialist powers(帝国主义列强)等。用 super country 表示“超级大国”是中国式的英语。 117. 哈罗德邀请一位女士到舞池里跳舞。 [误] Harold invites a lady to dance in the dance pool. [正] Harold invites a lady to dance in the dance floor. 注:pool 在英语里是指“水塘”或“水池”,如 swimming pool(游泳池)等。而中文的“池”意思就多了,它在“舞池”中就指“旁 边高中间低的地方”,再加上许多约定俗成的说法,所以,翻译时要具体情况具体对待。如:“舞池”英文是 dance floor,而“乐 池”则为orchestra pit。 118. -我们这是上哪儿去? - -去我的住处。 [误] -Where are we going to? - -To my living place. [正] -Where are we going to? - -To my dwelling place. 注:虽然 live 有“居住”的意思,但 living place 却是指“(房屋里)可居住的地方”,因为 living 作形容词所表达的意思是“适 于居住的”。而 dwelling 本身就是名词,指“住处”或“寓所”,它也可以再修饰其他名词,如:dwelling house 或 dwelling place 等。 119. -想喝点什么? - -来杯淡茶吧! [误] -What would you like to drink? - -A cup of light tea, pleas. [正] -What would you like to drink? - -A cup of weak tea, pleas. 注:一般说来,形容食物“清淡”用 light,例如:light soup(清汤),a light diet(清淡的饮食)等。形容烟、酒等“味淡 的”则要用 mild,例如:The tobacco is very mild(这烟草儿很淡)。而“淡茶”的表达是 weak tea。与“淡”相对的是“浓”, 可以翻译成 strong,例如:strong drinks(烈性酒),strong tea(浓茶);也可以译成 thick,例如:thick soup(浓汤) 等。 120. 有人看见一位妇女和两个孩子朝路那边走去。 [误] A woman with two children were seen walking down the road. [正] A woman with two children was seen walking down the road. 注:在英语中,主语由 as well as, with, along with, together with 等连接时,谓语动词要与这些连接词前面的名词或代词 保持一致
121.我们的 主任住在18栋楼4单元2号, Our me-teher in. 注:英语地址的写法同汉语相反,汉语是从大到小,而英语却是从小到大。例如:Bill Clinton lives in the Little Rock, Arkansas.(比尔.克林顿住在阿肯色的小石城). 127 如果你也那样做可就有失身份 u'd folloy vo f yo 'd follow suit 注:是可以短泽成汉语的身份The police made sure of h identity(警察在明了他的身份2及an 份址) 身份“ 的基本情况 而有失身份的身份是指 所处 one's dignity 可以园 s/di nity/ ame之类的 123.每个月的单号我们都有一场比赛。 图We have ama atch on single-numbe 注:single是"单 的,单个的"意思如: /ed(独眼的),single-handed(独手的,单枪匹马的)等。而odd才表 示”单数的,奇数的“意思,如:odd houses(单号门牌的房子),odd month(有三十天的月份)等。 121大活头的人发音都很糕 persons have te pronunciations ued常和其他词构成复合词,如:loo -tongued(饶舌的,随口乱说的),silver-tongued(能言善辩的)等。说 生on不齿不清天。除7可用a thicktouede*表达.还可以用a5per表达相的随 125 你可真是个人物啊 注:person仅仅指 个普通的"人",如:a young person(一个年轻人),a courageous person(一个勇敢的人)等。所 的睡,文的意思是你真的是一个人好像在议人似的。面pe50age指人名,P显用这个准表达 126.你为什么不走大路偏走小路限? [Why don't you take the big I road instead of the small one? LiE]Why don't you take the main road instead of the path? a 主要的 mai (铁路的 main stem 可流的主要河道):mainland(对 127,在动笔之前,你必须先打开思路 [You should open your mind before you begin to write. [iE]You should broaden your mind before you begin to write 表司 时 e's h t扬 ere( 名词搭配 在这里变 象名词,所以应与broaden搭配。 128.那些人攒三聚五地聚在一起干嘛呢? WMtaehepee8atnenmghhre5ndef se people ga 生:汉语中有些数词可以直接翻译成英文,如:“沧海一粟”(a drop in the ocean),一箭双雕”(kill two birds with one
121. 我们的班主任住在18栋楼4单元2号。 [误] Our head-teacher lives in Building 18, Entrance 4, No. 2. [正] Our head-teacher lives in No. 2, Entrance 4, Building 18. 注:英语地址的写法同汉语相反,汉语是从大到小,而英语却是从小到大。例如:Bill Clinton lives in the Little Rock, Arkansas.(比尔.克林顿住在阿肯色的小石城)。 122. 如果你也那样做可就有失身份了。 [误] You would lose your identity if you'd follow suit. [正] It would be beneath your dignity if you'd follow suit. 注:identity 是可以翻译成汉语的“身份”,如:The police made sure of his identity(警察查明了他的身份)及 an identity card(身份证)等,但它所表示的“身份”是“正身”或“个人及家庭的基本情况”。而“有失身份”的“身份”是指“一个人所处 的地位和应有的尊严”,所以它不能翻译成 lose one's identity,而应用 beneath one's dignity 来表达。“在某人的尊严之 下”(beneath one's dignity)不就是“有失身份”的意思吗?当然,它还可以用 not up to one's status/dignity/fame 之类的 短语来表示。 123. 每个月的单号我们都有一场比赛。 [误] We have a match on single-numbered days of each month. [正] We have a match on odd-numbered days of each month. 注:single 是“单一的,单个的”意思如:single-eyed(独眼的),single-handed(独手的,单枪匹马的)等。而 odd 才表 示“单数的,奇数的”意思,如:odd houses(单号门牌的房子),odd month(有三十天的月份)等。 124. 大舌头的人发音都很糟糕。 [误] Big-tongued persons have terrible pronunciations. [正] Thick-tongued persons have terrible pronunciations. 注:tongued 常和其他词构成复合词,如:loose-tongued(铙舌的,随口乱说的),silver-tongued(能言善辩的)等。说 一个人是个口齿不清的“大舌头”,除了可用 a thick-tongued person 来表达,还可以用 a lisper 表达相同的意思。 125. 你可真是个人物啊! [误] You are really a person. [正] You are really a personage. 注:person 仅仅指一个普通的“人”,如:a young person(一个年轻人),a courageous person(一个勇敢的人)等。所 以第一句译文的意思是“你真的是一个人”,好像在讽刺人似的。而 personage 指“要人,名流,显贵”,用这个词才能准确表达 原句的意思。 126. 你为什么不走大路偏走小路呢? [误] Why don't you take the big road instead of the small one? [正] Why don't you take the main road instead of the path? 注:英语里常用 main 表示“主要的”,如:main line(铁路的主要干线);main stem(河流的主要河道);mainland(对 小岛和半岛而言的“大陆”)等。而中文的“大路”就是“主干道”的意思,所以也应用 main 修饰。 127. 在动笔之前,你必须先打开思路。 [误] You should open your mind before you begin to write. [正] You should broaden your mind before you begin to write. 注:open 表示“打开,张开”时,后面通常跟具体名词,而 broaden 表示“拓宽,扩大”,其后既可以跟具体名词搭配,又可以 接抽象名词,如:broaden one's horizon(开阔眼界),The street broadens here(街道在这里变宽了)。mind 是个抽 象名词,所以应与 broaden 搭配。 128. 那些人攒三聚五地聚在一起干嘛呢? [误] What are those people gathering in threes and fives for? [正] What are those people gathering in threes and fours for? 注:汉语中有些数词可以直接翻译成英文,如:“沧海一粟”(a drop in the ocean),“一箭双雕”(kill two birds with one
ne)等。 上面所列的是一。除出之外 ,还有乱七八"(at sixes and 129.我爷爷的爷爷从生下来一直到死都没有离开过这座大山。 never "常可以翻译成fron to tu.from ancient times to the ent(从古至今),fro peginning to end(从头到尾),from dawn to dusk(从早到晚)等。第一句翻译错就错在将生"和“死“翻得太直白了,不 符合英语的习惯。 、必须 学会查字典 注:look up表示”(在字典 词典、参考书等中)查找,查寻”,后面要跟查找的对象。所以,第一句译文搭配不正确,让人误 是要"找字典”。原文还有另外一种表达方式,即consult the dictionary,因为consult表达的正是"查阅(字典、书籍 等) 。盖奇在 工作了30年 ng in a ship factor ng in a s 注:英语中的factory与汉语的"厂"有时候可以对应,如:clothing factory(服装厂),chemical factory(化工厂) food products factory(食品厂)等,但也有例外,除了"船厂“要用yard以外,还有"酿酒厂”(brewery)),砖瓦 (brickfield),电厂(power plant).等。 1 Take c e of our head! r正1 Mind your headi 英语里提 留心,当心”,也有提醒注意的意思。如: ,油漆 干)等 133.买鞋油的钱你先垫着,我以后还。 Please pay for the shoe oil for me.I'll pay back later. [iE]Please pay for the shoe polish for me.I'll pay back later ish 泽极好的书桌 要用polish。polish可以作"擦光剂”讲,也可以作"磨光,擦亮"讲,如:a desk with a 134.由于第三者插足,这对夫妻离婚了。 [The couple divorced because of the third person. [E]The couple divorced because of a third party. 注:序数词一般常跟定冠词the连用,表示"第几”:而序数词和不定冠词a连用时表示的则是"另一个“。如:He won the third prize(他得了个三等奖), He won a third (他第三次得奖) 135.这是个口误。 I mistake 注:“口误"要用slip of the tongue(舌头滑了一下)表达,而misake一词太严重了,与汉语的内涵有出入 136.三思而后行 [Think three times before you act! [正]Think twice!
stone)等。但是,也有不少数词不能进行等值翻译,上面所列的就是一例。除此之外,还有“乱七八糟”(at sixes and sevens),“再三考虑”(on second thought),“三三两两地”(by ones and twos)等。 129. 我爷爷的爷爷从生下来一直到死都没有离开过这座大山。 [误] My great great-grandfather had never left the mountain from birth to death. [正] My great great-grandfather had never left the mountain from the cradle to the grave. 注:“从.到.”常可以翻译成 from .to.,如:from ancient times to the present(从古至今),from beginning to end(从头到尾),from dawn to dusk(从早到晚)等。第一句翻译错就错在将“生”和“死”翻得太直白了,不 符合英语的习惯。 130. 要想学习英语,必须首先学会查字典。 [误] In order to learn English, one must learn to look up the dictionary first. [正] In order to learn English, one must learn to look up words in the dictionary first. 注:look up 表示“(在字典、词典、参考书等中)查找,查寻”,后面要跟查找的对象。所以,第一句译文搭配不正确,让人误 以为是要“找字典”。原文还有另外一种表达方式,即 consult the dictionary,因为 consult 表达的正是“查阅(字典、书籍 等)”。 131. 盖奇在船厂工作了30年。 [误] Cage has been working in a ship factory for thirty years. [正] Cage has been working in a shipyard for thirty years. 注:英语中的 factory 与汉语的“厂”有时候可以对应,如:clothing factory(服装厂),chemical factory(化工厂), food products factory(食品厂)等,但也有例外,除了“船厂”要用 yard 以外,还有“酿酒厂”(brewery),砖瓦厂 (brickfield),电厂(power plant)等。 132. 当心碰到脑袋。 [误] Take care of your head! [正] Mind your head! 注:英语里提醒别人注意可以说:Take care! /Look out! /Be careful! 等,但 take care of 却表示“照顾,照料(某人或某 物)”。而 mind 用作及物动词时表示“注意,留心,当心”,也有提醒注意的意思。如:Mind the wet paint(当心,油漆未 干)等。 133. 买鞋油的钱你先垫着,我以后还。 [误] Please pay for the shoe oil for me. I'll pay back later. [正] Please pay for the shoe polish for me. I'll pay back later. 注:鞋油的“油”不用 oil 表达,而要用 polish。polish 可以作“擦光剂”讲,也可以作“磨光,擦亮”讲,如:a desk with a high polish(表面光泽极好的书桌)。 134. 由于第三者插足,这对夫妻离婚了。 [误] The couple divorced because of the third person. [正] The couple divorced because of a third party. 注:序数词一般常跟定冠词 the 连用,表示“第几”;而序数词和不定冠词 a 连用时表示的则是“另一个”。如:He won the third prize(他得了个三等奖),He won a third prize(他第三次得奖)。 135. 这是个口误。 [误] It is an oral mistake! [正] It is a slip of the tongue! 注:“口误”要用 slip of the tongue(舌头滑了一下)表达,而 misake 一词太严重了,与汉语的内涵有出入。 136. 三思而后行。 [误] Think three times before you act! [正] Think twice!
以三言其多,英国人却只要求”转念"即可,所以用twCe(二)。若将中国的思维强作移植,只恐果实滋 137这是她的口斗 里】This is r habitual phrase []This is her pet phrase. 注:习惯的短语?宠物的短语?若是像对宠物一般珍视和不离,这短语自然就是中国人所谓的“口头神”了! 3.生命短暂而艺术永恒 ing 注:这是一句传诵千古的名言,若直译成英文会显消极和晦气,没有了原汁原味的神韵。 139.过河莫忘搭花 e builde se the oridge he goes ove f the bridge when you cross the river 注:第一句虽不算错,但第二句意象一转,层面一变,可就简练形象多了! 140.习惯成自然。 Habteaonatns re 注:第二句颜有后天习得之意味,妙处也就在于此。 141上不正下否 1 If the r beam is crooked,the one below is necessarily so. ]setead 注:鱼要腐烂头先臭?西方人把中国人赋子建筑的喻义转接到了食物身上,异曲同工吧!记得不要直译哦 142.聊胜于无 tor tha Half a bread is better than none. 注:中国的四字成语言简意賅,而英文却将此形象化于西方人所熟悉的面包,亲切可触。 143.忧愁伤身 证Care killed the cat 注:既然莎翁(莎士比亚)用了一只可怜的猫,那么,就用猫好了。 144. 他输了这场球 切都完蛋了。 (He ha s lost th It has gon ly up 注:我们不知道中文“完蛋”二字的源头,但是英文表达里的belly up源自漂在水中的死鱼。怎么样?很生动吧!千万不要用鸡 蛋把外国人招得丈二和尚摸不着头脑我! 45他新好得能穿 条裤子 if they could wear the same trousers 注:中国人的这一表达在西方人看来简直是莫名其妙,他们相应的说法是像手在手套里一样亲密无间
注:汉语中以“三”言其多,英国人却只要求“转念”即可,所以用 twice(二)。若将中国的思维强作移植,只恐果实滋味无人 懂。 137. 这是她的口头禅。 [误] This is her habitual phrase. [正] This is her pet phrase. 注: 习惯的短语?宠物的短语?若是像对宠物一般珍视和不离,这短语自然就是中国人所谓的“口头禅”了! 138. 生命短暂而艺术永恒。 [误] Life is short, and art is long. [正] Art is long, and time is fleeting. 注: 这是一句传诵千古的名言,若直译成英文会显消极和晦气,没有了原汁原味的神韵。 139. 过河莫忘搭桥人。 [误] Don't forget the builder of the bridge when you cross the river. [正] Prise the bridge he goes over. 注: 第一句虽不算错,但第二句意象一转,层面一变,可就简练形象多了! 140. 习惯成自然。 [误] Habit forms nature. [正] Habit is second nature. 注: 第二句颇有后天习得之意味,妙处也就在于此。 141. 上梁不正下梁歪。 [误] If the upper beam is crooked, the one below is necessarily so. [正] Fish begins to stink at the head. 注: 鱼要腐烂头先臭?西方人把中国人赋予建筑的喻义转接到了食物身上,异曲同工吧!记得不要直译哦! 142. 聊胜于无。 [误] Few is better than none. [正] Half a bread is better than none. 注: 中国的四字成语言简意赅,而英文却将此形象化于西方人所熟悉的面包,亲切可触。 143. 忧愁伤身。 [误] Worry hurts body. [正] Care killed the cat. 注: 既然莎翁(莎士比亚)用了一只可怜的猫,那么,就用猫好了。 144. 他输了这场球。一切都完蛋了。 [误] He has lost the game. The egg is over. [正] He has lost the game. It has gone belly up. 注: 我们不知道中文“完蛋”二字的源头,但是英文表达里的 belly up 源自漂在水中的死鱼。怎么样?很生动吧!千万不要用鸡 蛋把外国人搞得丈二和尚摸不着头脑哦! 145. 他俩好得能穿一条裤子。 [误] They are so close as if they could wear the same trousers. [正] They are hand in glove. 注: 中国人的这一表达在西方人看来简直是莫名其妙,他们相应的说法是像手在手套里一样亲密无间
146.他资质平平。 He has a normal intelligence. [He has an average intelligence. 注:normal言其正常,average言其平庸。貌似一般,但内涵不同,绝对不可滥用。 147.他这次可是搬起石头砸 ume.ne anm terc 1 This tir ehe has。 tone and let it fall on his own feet 注:中文和英文都用了“脚”,可是一个要用“石头”,一个要用”枪”。别记错了! na his i outh flow like a river He is always shooting off his mouth! 注:中国人的这一比喻西方人是无论如何也理解不了的,他们不仅体会不到其中的夸张,还会以为这个人整天口水直流呢! 149 这事儿八字还没一撒呢 the fi art of the letter eight 注:这句话与汉字形状有关,直译成英文真是要多怪有多怪。幸好英文里有一个类似表达,那就拿来用吧: 150.她最爱给人当头泼凉水了。 She loves throwing a wet banterad pouring cold water 诗候,”的灭语分灵时地或事呢西 blanket在英语中指”今人扫兴的人或",而中文的泼凉水在这里也不是直泼,也是”今人扫兴”的意思。所以在某世 151.她老是为一些鸡毛蒜皮的小事烦心 [She is always worrying over chicken feather and garlic skin. [She is always worrying over nickel and dime. 注:中文里拿细碎小物作比,英文中则用零钱碎钞为喻,两种文化,表达自然不同了。 152.他是个放心,肠 ]He is a soft-hearted man T正i He is a pushover. 实也就是听不得别人几句好话,外力一推就身不由已了。在这里,英文不言局部的°心”,而只谈整体的人”,与 153.我们俩得为这个错误负责 [You and I am responsible for this mistake [I and you are responsible for this mistake. 注:老师常常强调英文中要先人后己”,但表达承担责任或接受指责等倒霉事时却例外,反其道而行之,这你知道吗 154.她儿子终于平安无事地回来了」 [Her son has finally come back,safe and eventless [i]Her son has finally come back,safe and sound. 德道的安“可以用safe表达,可是无事呢?不要直译,因为safe and50und在英文里已经是定搭配,直接拿来用吧,根 155.别太沮丧了,众口难调嘛
146. 他资质平平。 [误] He has a normal intelligence. [正] He has an average intelligence. 注: normal 言其正常,average 言其平庸。貌似一般,但内涵不同,绝对不可滥用。 147. 他这次可是搬起石头砸自己的脚。 [误] This time, he has carried a stone and let it fall on his own feet. [正] This time, he has shot himself in the foot. 注: 中文和英文都用了“脚”,可是一个要用“石头”,一个要用“枪”。别记错了! 148. 他老是信口开河。 [误] He is always making his mouth flow like a river. [正] He is always shooting off his mouth! 注: 中国人的这一比喻西方人是无论如何也理解不了的,他们不仅体会不到其中的夸张,还会以为这个人整天口水直流呢! 149. 这事儿八字还没一撇呢! [误] I have not drawn the first part of the letter eight! [正] It has not got to the first base! 注: 这句话与汉字形状有关,直译成英文真是要多怪有多怪。幸好英文里有一个类似表达,那就拿来用吧! 150. 她最爱给人当头泼凉水了。 [误] She loves pouring cold water over other's head. [正] She loves throwing a wet blanket on others. 注: wet blanket 在英语中指“令人扫兴的人或事”,而中文的“泼凉水”在这里也不是直泼,也是“令人扫兴”的意思。所以在某些 时候,中国人的“泼凉水”等同于西方人的“抛湿毯子”呢! 151. 她老是为一些鸡毛蒜皮的小事烦心。 [误] She is always worrying over chicken feather and garlic skin. [正] She is always worrying over nickel and dime. 注: 中文里拿细碎小物作比,英文中则用零钱碎钞为喻,两种文化,表达自然不同了。 152. 他是个软心肠。 [误] He is a soft-hearted man. [正] He is a pushover. 注: 心肠软,其实也就是听不得别人几句好话,外力一推就身不由已了。在这里,英文不言局部的“心”,而只谈整体的“人”,与 汉语的这个区别要记一记。 153. 我们俩得为这个错误负责。 [误] You and I am responsible for this mistake. [正] I and you are responsible for this mistake. 注: 老师常常强调英文中要“先人后己”,但表达承担责任或接受指责等倒霉事时却例外,反其道而行之,这你知道吗? 154. 她儿子终于平安无事地回来了。 [误] Her son has finally come back, safe and eventless. [正] Her son has finally come back, safe and sound. 注: “平安”可以用 safe 表达,可是“无事”呢?不要直译,因为 safe and sound 在英文里已经是固定搭配,直接拿来用吧,很 地道的! 155. 别太沮丧了,众口难调嘛