CARDIFF UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION PAPER Academic Year: 1999/2000 Examination Period Autumn Examination Paper Number CM0340 Examination Paper Title: Multimedia Duration Do not turn this page over until instructed to do so by the senior invigilator Structure of Examination Paper: There are Three pages and Four questions Students to be provided with: Answer Book(s) Multimedia information sheets Instructions to Students Attempt ThreE questions Each question is worth 27 marks Please Turn Over
1.(a)What is meant by the terms Multimedia and Hypermedia? Distinguish between these two concepts b)What is meant by the terms static media and dynamic media? Give two examples of each type of med (c) What types of functionality need to be provided in order to effectively use a wide variety of media in Multimedia applications? Your answer should briefly address how such functionality can be facilitated in general Multimedia applications (d) Different types of media will require different types of supporting operations to provide adequate levels of fur nationality. For th dynamic media given in your answer to part 1(b) briefly discuss what operations are needed to support a wide range of multimedia applications [12 2.(a)Why is file or data compression highly desirable for Multimedia activities? b)briefly explain, clearly identifying the differences between them, how entropy coding and transform coding techniques work for data compression Illustrate your answer with a simple example of each type (c)(i)Show how you would use Huffman coding to encode the following set of tokens BABACACADADABBCBABEBEDDABEEEBB How is this message transmitted when encoded? (11) How many bits are needed to transfer this coded message and what is its Entropy? (iii)What amendments are required to this coding technique if data is generated live or is otherwise not wholly available? Show how you could use this modified scheme by adding the tokens ADADA to the above message. [6]
3 (a)What are the major factors to be taken into account when considering storage requirements for Multimedia Systems (b)What is RAID technology and what advantages does it offer as a medium for the storage and delivery of large data (c) Briefly explain the eight levels of RAID functionality (d)a digital video file is 40 Mb in size. The disk subsystem has four drives and the controller is designed to support read and write onto each drive, concurrently. The digital video is stored using the disk striping concept. A block size of 8 Kb is used for each 1O operation (i)What is the performance improvement in sequentially complete file when compared to a single drive subsystem in terms of the number of operations performed compared to a single drive system mance improvement for this system (ii)What is the percentage perfo 4(a) Give a definition of a Multimedia Authoring System. What key features hould such a system provide? (b)What Multimedia Authoring paradigms exist? Describe each paradigm brief (c) You have been asked to provide a multimedia presentation that can support media in both English and French. You may assume that you have been given a equence of 10 images and a single 50 second digitised audio soundtrack in both languages. Each image should be mapped over consecutive 5 second fragments of the audio. all images are of the same 500x 500 pixel dimension Describe, giving suitable code fragments, how you would assemble such a ation using SMIL. Your solution should cover all aspects of the SMiL presentation. 17]
faedis, Derbe 7, tiss Seronine Mdia itly in Language atribute value. The syntax of such atmbute values is defined using the Extended Backus. Naur Form(EBNF) Multimedia CM0340 Suplementary Exam Material dfi in t M .i picton. Synchronized M山 Itimedia Integration Language如出时k邮 (SMIL) 1.0 Specification e semantics of the attribu e are defined. Ift ation refers to the definition of the atlnbute in t definition of element Abstract noation. The final section in an element definition sm alues whose syntan cannot be defined using the DTD pecifies the element cor SMIL LO, pronounced 2 The smil Element presentation. UsI an author ca Element attributes cube the temporal behavior of the presentation The"smil element can have the follwing attribute: sanhe the Layout of the presentation on a screen 3. associate hyperlinks with media objects This attribute uniquely identifies an element within a document. Its vab e is an XML identifier This specification is structured as follows The'smil"element can contain the following children this Section defines the time model us Table of Contents · I Specificaton Apom 3 The Document Head 3.1 The head Element 03 The head elems组 The "headelement contains information that is not related to the temporal behavior of the presentation l language Element attributes The rnt lyouL Fement ·4Te 2 enar Element 0 42.3 Meda Obing Element: The ref, animation, audio, img, video, text and textstream Element Content The"headelement can contain the follow ing chiren: a 4.2.4 SMIL. Time Molel 4.2.4.2 Determining Values of Model Valus for SMIL. 1.0 Elcmcnts 04.3 The switch Element Defined in Section 3.2 Defined in SectiN 3.4 swale 口452 The anchor Element The head clement may contain any number of"meta"elements and either a"layout element or a'switch 1 Specification Approach SMiL documents are XML 1.0 documents [XMI1O). The reader is expected to be familiar with the concepts amd 3.2 The layout Element The"element detemines how the elements in the document s body are pasiticool on an abstract rende specification does not rely on part defined in URls surface either visual or acoustic). The syntax of SMIL documents is defined by the DTD in Secion 52. The syntax of an attribute value that cannot temzin.202GhITealuasr
15 5ce时 d Mimed heyen L8q均 P3wsy.Datn2,特的 Spchenured Mutnf lyMon Lingang y: black element(defned in Section 4.3). This can be sed for example to describe the document different h on: absolutel ollowing example shows how CSS2 can be used as altemative to the SMIL basic layout language(defined in Section 3 3 regiens'r'l I top: 20px: left sition: absolutel root-layout region idar top=20 left= 20/> textarea <ig regioner’"src="“tp:/w,w3,otg/tr=10s°1 video </body? position: absolutel Nove that as a result of these definitions, all absolutely positioned clements(animation, img. ref, text, textstream note that in this example, bth Layout alternatives resalt in the same layout) video)are contained within a single comtaining block define e SMIL basic knout defines default values for all layoat-relaled attributes. These are consistent with the initial values of the corresponding properties in CSS2. This attnbute specifies which layo understand this language, it must skip all content up until the next<"tag The default value of If the author wants to select the default layout vales fox all media object elements in a document, the document the type attribute is"lexU'smil-basic-ayout must contain an empty layout element of type TexUsmil-basic-layout"such a Element Content layout type"text/amil-basic-layout"></layo If the type attribute of the layout element has the valae'text'smil-basic-layout', it can contain the following 1.3. 1 The region Element Defined in Section 33.1 In the following example fragment the position of a lext eiement is set to a5 pixel distance from the top border of root.-layout the rendering window. If the type attribate of the"layout"'element has another value, the element contains cheap on idt'a'top=5/> This section defines a basic layout langaage for SMIL SMIL basic ext region=a'srcs"text, htnI.dur=10s"/> oduces the"fit attribute LCSS2] The reader is expected to be far the SMIL basic layout only controls the layout of media object elements(defined in Section 4.2 3). It is illegal lo use Element Attributes SMIL basic layout for other SMIL element The"region"element can have the following attributes Fixed Property Values The use and definition o this attribute are identical to the "background-color"property in the CSS2 The following stylesheet defines the values of the CSS2 properties"display""position" that are valu in hackground-color attribute is absent, the background is transpar MIL basic layout. These property values are fixed ECTURE%加 TUFTWutinedwSN