化合物 K (CH3)3 COH 18.00 CH3CH2OH 16.00 HOH 1574 CH?OH 15.54 CF2CHoOH 12.43 (CF3)3COH 5.4 HCI 7.00强酸
(CH3)3COH CH3CH2OH HOH CH3OH CF3CH2OH (CF3)3COH HCl 18.00 16.00 15.74 15.54 12.43 5.4 －7.00 化合物 pKa 弱酸 强酸
CH3OH Nah CHroN +h 2 CH3 CH2OH NanH 2 CH3Ch2ONa +NH CH3 CHCH3 Ch3 LiCH3 CHCH3 CH4 OH OLi 〉OH+CH3MgBr→(> OMgBr+CH4
CH3OH + NaH CH3CH2OH + NaNH2 CH3ONa + H2 CH3CHCH3 OH + CH3Li CH3CHCH3 OLi + CH4 OH + CH3MgBr OMgBr + CH4 CH3CH2ONa + NH3
2.与卤化磷和氮化亚现的反应 3ROH+PX3—3RX+P(OH3 或PX或X2,PⅩ=C,Br,I RoH soc 2 →-RCl+SO+HCl 氯化亚砜 亚硫酰氯
2. 与卤化磷和氯化亚砜的反应 ROH + SOCl2 RCl + SO2 + HCl Cl S Cl O 氯化亚砜 亚硫酰氯 3 ROH +PX3 3 RX + P(OH)3 或PX5 或X2, P X = Cl, Br, I
PBr C-OH C-Br HPO3 H-B EtN \OC H一Cl EtN or
3 CH3CH2OH+ PBr3- 3 CH3CH2Br H3P04 3 RCH2OH PBrs (RCH2O)3P+ 3 HBr RCH2OP(OCH2 R)2+ HBr RCH2OP(OCH2 R)2 Br R BrCH, - op(chary RCH2 Br HOP(OCH2 R)2
3 CH3CH2OH + PBr3 3 CH3CH2Br + H3PO4 3 RCH2OH + PBr3 (RCH2O)3P + 3 HBr RCH2OP(OCH2R)2 + HBr RCH2OP(OCH2R)2 + Br H CH2 R OP(OCH2R)2 H Br RCH2Br + HOP(OCH2R)2