r 1 hydes and I: Nucleophilic dition to the Carbonyl
Chapter 16 Aldehydes and Ketones I: Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Chapter 16 16. 1 Introduction Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University Chapter 16 16.1 Introduction
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Chapter 16 o Aldehydes and ketones contain an acyl group bonded either to hydrogen or to another carbon 120 O RC Acyl group酰基 Carbonyl group羰基 H R H R R RCHO RCOR Formaldehyde General formulas General formulas for an aldehydes for a ketones Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University Chapter 16 Aldehydes and ketones contain an acyl group bonded either to hydrogen or to another carbon. C O δ+ δ− sp2 Carbonyl group 羰基 120 RC 120 O Acyl group 酰基 O C H H O C R H O C R R Formaldehyde General formulas for an aldehydes General formulas for a ketones RCHO RCOR
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Chapter 16 16.2 Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University Chapter 16 16.2 Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Chapter 16 o Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal - e of the corresponding alkane name with -al o The longest chain selected as the base name must contain the-CHO group, and the -CHo carbon is al ways numbered as carbon 1 H-C-H CH3-c-h Ch2 CHb-C-H Methanal Ethanal Propanal (Formaldehyde) (Acetaldehyde)(Propionaldehyde) CICHoCHCHoCH-C-H CkHsCHo-C-H 5-Chloropentanal Phenylethanol (Phenylacetaldehyde Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University Chapter 16 Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the corresponding alkane name with –al. The longest chain selected as the base name must contain the –CHO group, and the –CHO carbon is always numbered as carbon 1. O H C H O CH3 C H O CH3CH2 C H Methanal (Formaldehyde) Ethanal (Acetaldehyde) Propanal (Propionaldehyde) O ClCH2CH2CH2CH2 C H 5-Chloropentanal O C6H5CH2 C H Phenylethanal (Phenylacetaldehyde)