oPhosphatidylinositol-anchored proteinFigure 2-1-1EthanolamineGalactoseGlucosamineInositolPMannoseNHHOOutside cellOHOCeramideFattyacid-anchored proteinsPrenyl lipid-anchored proteinLipidbilayerMyristicPalmiticMFarnesyGeranylgeranyacidacidC14CeCAmideCytosolbondCHHNCH.HCHHOCH图&Figure 1.10Fattyacid-anchored,prenyl lipid-anchored,andglycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)anchoredproteins
Figure 2-1-1
OUTSIDEOFCELLGtycosyipnosphatidytinositol(Gpi)anchoredproteinEthanolaminePTGalactoseGlucasamineMannoseInositolPNHLipid bilayerHOOHWCeramideMyristicacid (Cra)Palmiticacid(Cre)Farnesyi(Cis)Geranylgeranyl(Czo)OaSAmidebondHNCH2CH,CH:HDGIC由Fattyacid-anchoredproteinsPrenyi lipid-anchoredproteinsCYTOPLASMFIGURE1.6Differenttypesofanchoredmembraneproteinsthatareattachedtothemembraneviafattyacids,prenylgroups,orphosphatidylinositol.(FromBuchananFigure 2-1-2etal. 2000.)
Figure 2-1-2
(A)(C)H.CCholineHCphosphateHydrophillregionColl wallGlycerolH.Plasmamembrane-HHHHHHHHHHCarbahydratesHHHHH.HOutsideofcellHHHHHHHHydrophobic1HAregionHHHydrophilicHHHregionHPhospholipidHHbilayerHtHHydrophobicHHHregionHhHHydrophilicregionPhosphatidylcholineCytoplasmtntegralPeripheralCholineproteinprotein(B)aGalactosepiasmamembranesOHAdjoiningprimarywallsFmVFIGURETS(A)Theplasrnamembranc,endoplasmieneticulum,and otherenclomembranes ofplantcellsconsistofphosphatidylcholineGalactosylglycerideproteins.embeddedinaphospholipidbilaver(B)rhistransmissionelectronmicrographshowsplasmamembranesincells fromthe uneristematicregion of a roottip ofcress(EpfiuntsatiouTheovorallthicknossoftheplaumamembrane,viewed astwo densg linesand an interveningspace,isFigure 2-1Bnm,(c)Chenicaistructures andspace-fillingmodelsoftypicalphospholipids:phosphatidyicholineandgalactosylglyceride-(BfromGunningandSteer1goo)
Figure 2-1
Figure 2-2 lon channel transport solutes processesOutsideofcellHigh2-CICaKKCICICaCaKKelectrochemicalpotential2+OW2C1aInsideof cellSimple diffusion(passivetransport)
Figure 2-2 Ion channel transport solutes processes
High soluteconcentrationElectrochemicalpotentiaPlasma membranelowsoluteconcentrationFig. 2-3 Uniport carrier transport solutes processes
Fig. 2-3 Uniport carrier transport solutes processes