2 order ·left—right;upwards;inward left margin from 2-3 cm lateral to the apex beat up to the 2nd ICS right margin one intercostal space higher than the border of liver dullness up to the 2nd ICS ● size:vertical distance from margin to the anterior midline
26 2 order : • left—right ; upwards ; inward • left margin : from 2-3 cm lateral to the apex beat up to the 2nd ICS • right margin : one intercostal space higher than the border of liver dullness up to the 2nd ICS • size: vertical distance from margin to the anterior midline
27
Percusscon 3 Normal heart borders (area of relative dullness) Right(cm) ICS Left(cm) 2~3 Ⅲ 2~3 23 IⅢ 3.54.5 3~4 IV 5~6 V 7~9 (LMCL-ML:8~10cm)
28 3 Normal heart borders (area of relative dullness) Right(cm) ICS Left(cm) 2~3 Ⅱ 2~3 2~3 III 3.5~4.5 3~4 Ⅳ 5~6 Ⅴ 7~9 ( L M C L —M L:8~10cm) Percussion
Percusson 4 The composition of various par the border of the heart (1) Right ICS Left SVC.SA Ⅲ PA RA 血 LA RA V LV V LV 29
29 4 The composition of various parts of the border of the heart (1) Right ICS Left SVC,SA II PA RA III LA RA Ⅳ LV Ⅴ LV Percussion
(2)The upper border -the lower border of the anterior end of the third rib (3)The basal part -the second intercostal space upward left:aortic node and PA (4)Concave part -between the aorta and the left ventricle
30 (2)The upper border –the lower border of the anterior end of the third rib↑ (3)The basal part —the second intercostal space upward left: aortic node and PA (4)Concave part –between the aorta and the left ventricle