6.3 Ionic bonds result from a transfer of electrons When an atom that tends to lose electrons is placed in contact with an atom that tends to gain them, the result is that an electron transfer and the formation of two oppositely charged ions. The two oppositely charged ions are thus attracted to each other by the electric force, which holds them together Na+ (anton This electric force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions is called an ionic bond(离子键) All compounds containing ions are referred to as ionic compounds(a 子化合物)
6.3 Ionic bonds result from a transfer of electrons When an atom that tends to lose electrons is placed in contact with an atom that tends to gain them, the result is that an electron transfer and the formation of two oppositely charged ions. The two oppositely charged ions are thus attracted to each other by the electric force, which holds them together. This electric force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions is called an ionic bonds (离子键). All compounds containing ions are referred to as ionic compounds (离 子化合物)
How to judge the composition ofan ionic compound? Balance ofelectric charge lonic bonds formed Aluminum oxide, Al,O, Rub rehire
How to judge the composition of an ionic compound? Balance of electric charge Ruby Sapphire
6. 4 Covalent bonds result from a sharing ofelectrons The electrical attraction in which atoms are hold ●● F together by their mutual FF attraction for shared 7e 7e 8e 8e electrons is called an covalent bond(共价键)A compound composed of atoms held together by oo 0一H H covalent bonds is a H. covalent compound(共价 化合物)
6.4 Covalent bonds result from a sharing of electrons The electrical attraction in which atoms are hold together by their mutual attraction for shared electrons is called an covalent bond (共价键). A compound composed of atoms held together by covalent bonds is a covalent compound (共价 化合物). F + F 7e- 7eF F 8e- 8e-
More than one electron can be shared in an atom double bond(双键) and triple bond(叁键) 03883:0 :N::N: single covalent bond 0=C=0 ●N≡N double bonds triple bond
More than one electron can be shared in an atom: double bond (双键) and triple bond (叁键). O C O double bonds N N triple bond F F single covalent bond
6.5 Valence electrons determine molecular shape How to determine the three a HB-H O=C=0 dimensional structure of a covalent compound? H Valence shell electron-pair repulsion(vEsPr) any H-H given pair of valence shell electrons strives to get as far away as possible from all other electron pairs in the hell
6.5 Valence electrons determine molecular shape How to determine the three dimensional structure of a covalent compound? Valence shell electron-pair repulsion (VESPR): any given pair of valenceshell electrons strives to get as far away as possible from all other electron pairs in the shell