Contents: 1. Energy Fundamentals, Energy Use in an Industrial Society Click to LOOK INSIDE 2. The Fossil Fuels, Heat Engines Roxs A Rising/ art /. kraushaar 3. Heat Engines 4. Renewable Energy Sources 5. Nuclear Energy 6. Energy Conservation 7。 Air pollution ENERGY Global effects ENVIRONMENT Text Book Energy and the Environment(2nd Edition) by Robert A. Ristinen Jack J Kraushaar
Contents: 1. Energy Fundamentals, Energy Use in an Industrial Society 2. The Fossil Fuels, Heat Engines 3. Heat Engines 4. Renewable Energy Sources 5. Nuclear Energy 6. Energy Conservation 7. Air Pollution 8. Global Effects Text Book : Energy and the Environment (2nd Edition) by Robert A. Ristinen & Jack J. Kraushaar
Air pollution
Air Pollution
1. Spaceship earth It's only in recent decades that there has been widespread awareness that our atmosphere and oceans can no longer be considered as infinite The rate of dumping wastes has increased with increasing population and the expanding technical base for our way of life There is now clear evidence that we are seriously polluting the one atmosphere that we have The sources of atmospheric pollution are many and have far-reaching results The solution to pollution is dilution!
1. Spaceship Earth It’s only in recent decades that there has been widespread awareness that our atmosphere and oceans can no longer be considered as infinite. The rate of dumping wastes has increased with increasing population and the expanding technical base for our way of life. There is now clear evidence that we are seriously polluting the one atmosphere that we have. The sources of atmospheric pollution are many and have far-reaching results. The solution to pollution is dilution!
2. The Earths Atmosphere Some numbers. Weight: 5.7x1015 tons, one-millionth the weight of the earth Area: 200 million square miles Thickness: hundreds of miles Half of the air is below 18.000 feet altitude above see level Density at sea level: 1.3 kg/m3 Pressure at sea level: 14.7 lb/in2(1.01x105 N/m2) The density and the corresponding pressure, gradually decrease with altitude By 50,000 feet the pressure has been reduced to 1.6 Ib/in,, and by 600 miles altitude the atmospheric pressure is essentially zero
2. The Earth’s Atmosphere Some numbers: • Weight: 5.7x1015 tons, one-millionth the weight of the earth. • Area: 200 million square miles. • Thickness: hundreds of miles. Half of the air is below 18,000 feet altitude above see level. • Density at sea level: 1.3 kg/m3 . • Pressure at sea level: 14.7 lb/in2 (1.01x105 N/m2 ) The density and the corresponding pressure, gradually decrease with altitude. By 50,000 feet the pressure has been reduced to 1.6 lb/in2 , and by 600 miles altitude the atmospheric pressure is essentially zero
-93-73-53 13-3717% Thermosphere) 350-800 km Mesopause 250 mesosphere) 80-85 km 2 E0 Stratopause Stratosphere 50-55km affects us most directly and with Tro which we are mainly Troposphere concerned 160180200220240260280300 extends to 7 km at Temperature( K) the poles and 17 km at the equator. Ff igure 9.1 The temperature of the atmosphere as a · In the greek word ction of altitude the arrows indicate the normal trope, meaning turn of temperature variation and the dots the extreme values or overturn The names given to the various regions of the atmosphere are shown on the right
Figure 9.1 The temperature of the atmosphere as a function of altitude. The arrows indicate the normal range of temperature variation and the dots the extreme values. The names given to the various regions of the atmosphere are shown on the right. • affects us most directly and with which we are mainly concerned. • extends to 7 km at the poles and 17 km at the equator. • In the Greek word trope, meaning turn or overturn. 350–800 km 80–85 km 50 - 55 km