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国家开放大学：2013—2014学年第二学期“开放本科”英语专业高级英语写作期末试题（7月）

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Part 1:Reading and Summary (35 points) Questions 1-5 are based on the following task.(10 points) Filling in the blanks: The following paragraph is taken from an article about the famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton, but the discourse markers are taken out.Read it carefully and fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the list given below.There is ONE discourse marker that you will not need. another however for example which even if also Over the years when he was working on his Laws of Motion and his theory of gravity, Newton 1 made important contributions to other aspects of science.A major outcome of his study of light,2 was the discovery that white light could be broken up (by passing it through a prism)into the colors of the rainbow.3 achievement which has been of enormous value to later generations of scientists was the design of a new type of telescope, which used a curved mirror instead of a lens to gather in the light. By the age of fifty,4,his main scientific work was finished and he had become a Member of Parliament,representing Cambridge University (5,like Oxford University, was allowed at that time to elect its own MPs).Not long after the publication of "The Principia",he had had a nervous breakdown.In 1727,Newton died at the age of eighty-five and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London. Questions 6-9 are based on the following task.(10 points) Identifying the topic sentences: Read the following description of culture and customs of western countries.The topic sentence for each paragraph is omitted.Choose the correct topic sentence for each paragraph from the list of A-E provided.Put your answer in the proper box and then transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. 6 The family has been the focus of the individual's loyalty and affection,of his economic interest,and even of his legal duty.Many an older Frenchman has spent his youth in a world where he was expected to regard cousins,uncles and grandparents as more important to him than friends of his own age,and where the family's needs and demands were put before those of the local community or even of the State:"I cannot pay my taxes, because I've a duty to support Aunt Louise.has been a common French attitude. 154

Part 1: Reading and Summary (35 points) Questions 一5 are based on the following task. (10 points) FilJing in the blanks: The following paragraph is taken from an article about the famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton. but the discourse markers are taken out. Read it carefully 创ld fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the list given below. There is ONE discourse marker that you will not need. another however for example which even if also Over the years when he was working on his Laws of Motion and his theory of gravity , Newton 1 made important contributions to other aspects of science. A major outcome of his study of light , 2 , was the discovery that white light could be broken up (by passing it through a prism) into the colors of the rainbow. 3 achievement which has been of enormous value to later generations of scientists was the design of a new type of telescope , which used a curved mirror instead of a lens to gather in the light. By the age of fifty , 4 , his main scientific work was finished and he had become a Member of Parliament , representing Cambridge University ( 5 , like Oxford University , was allowed at that time to elect its own MPs). Not long after the publication of "The Principia" , he had had a nervous breakdown. In 1727 , Newton died at the age of eighty-five and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London. Questions 6-9 are based on the following task. (10 points) Identifying the topic sentences: Read the following description of culture and customs of western countries. The topic sentence for each paragraph is omitted. Ch∞se the corr民t topic sentence for 四ch paragraph from the list of A-E provided. Put your answer in the proper box and then transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. 6 The family has been the focus of the individual' s loyalty and affection , of his economic interest , and even of his legal duty. Many an older Frenchman has spent his youth in a world where he was expected to regard cousins, uncles and grandparents as more important to him than friends of his own age , and where the family' s needs and demands were put before those of the local community or even of the State: "I cannot pay my taxes, because I' ve a duty to support Aunt Louise. " has been a common French attitude. 154

7 In the rural areas the traditionally big peasant families have been losing their influence as the young drift away to the town.And in the upper bourgeoisie,as property gives way to income and family management disappears,the tight network of the big family gathering has become less necessary for the individual's future,and also less easy to maintain.Many younger couples today prefer pleasure traveling,or a weekend cottage shared with a few friends,to the traditional big family reunions on Sundays and in August. 8 Once a girl teacher had said:"I had to cancel my holiday in Italy this winter:you see,my grandmother got ill and my mother was worried.This sense of duty is difficult to be seen in the English youth.In other words,though clan loyalties towards more distant relatives become weak,an adult's ties with his own parents and even with their parents often remain remarkably strong.And if many younger people are today trying to lead more emotionally independent lives,it is often not without a sense of guilt,or an awareness of the pain it causes to their parents.This may be so in any country:it is especially sharp in France. 9 Granny or grandpa is now expected to stay in a flat of her or his own.This has caused a good deal of heartache;but society has finally come to recognize this independent status of the elderly,and has begun to help.In recent years many clubs for old people have been created-a new departure for France.The old people themselves are adapting to the change and even beginning to group to build their own social life. A.In all classes,couples no longer accept so readily that an elderly widowed parent should come to live with them. B.But the old values still linger there. C.Another phenomenon is that for several decades the birth-rate has been falling steadily. D.Daily social relations in France have always been dominated by family ties. E.The main change since the war is that the focus of loyalty has been steadily narrowing from the“extended family'”to the“nuclear family.” Question 6 7 8 9 Paragraph 1 2 3 4 Correct Answer 155

7 In the rural areas the traditionally big peasant families have been losing their influence as the young drift away to the town. And in the upper bourgeoisie , as property gives way to income and family management disappears, the tight network of the big family gathering has become less necessary for the individual' s future , and also less easy to maintain. Many younger couples today prefer pleasure traveling , or a weekend cottage shared with a few friends , to the traditional big family reunions on Sundays and in August. 8 Once a girl teacher had said: "I had to cancel my holiday in Italy this winter: you see , my grandmother got ill and my mother was worried. " This sense of duty is difficult to be seen in the English youth. In other words, though clan loyalties towards more distant relatives become weak , an adult' s ties with his own parents and even with their parents often remain remarkably strong. And if many younger people are today trying to lead more emotionally independent lives, it is often not without a sense of guilt, or an awareness of the pain it causes to their parents. This may be so in any country: it is especially sharp in France. 9 Granny or grandpa is now expected to stay in a flat of her or his own. This has caused a good deal of heartache; but society has finally come to recognize this independent status of the elderly , and has begun to help. In recent years many clubs for old people have been created - a new departure for France. The old people themselves are adapting to the change and even beginning to group to build their own social life. A. In all classes, couples no longer accept so readily that an elderly widowed parent should come to live with them. B. But the old values stilllinger there. C. Another phenomenon is that for several decades the birth-rate has been falling steadily. D. Daily social relations in France have always been dominated by family ties. E. The main change since the war is that the focus of loyalty has been steadily narrowing from the "extended family" to the "nuclear family. " Question 6 7 8 9 Paragraph 2 3 4 Correct Answer 155

Question 10:Writing a Summary (15 points) Summarize the above passage (i.e.,the passage in Questions 6-9)in your own words.Your summary should be 70 to 80 words.Write your summary on the Answer Sheet. Part 2:Writing a Letter (25 points) Question 11:Writing a Letter of Apology Catherine and her husband,Don bought a wedding gift-a set of china for Gabe and Lois who got married recently.But to their apology,for some reason or other,the latter failed to receive their gift.Suppose you are Catherine,write a letter of apology to Gabe and Lois to explain what happened.Base your letter on the following notes: 1)Catherine and Don bought a wedding gift-a set of china dinnerware in the Linden's Finer China Store,for the celebration of Gabe and Lois'marriage. 2)The reason for the delivery's failure is that there was out of stock at that time. 3)Catherine and Don went to the store in person and re-mailed the gift to their friends when it was in stock. Note: 1)Write a correctly laid out letter,which might include the letterhead,date,name and address of recipient,salutation,body of the letter,complementary close,signature, and sender's printed name as well as job title.5 points will be deducted for failing to follow the letter format properly. 2)You should write about 120 words. 3)Write the answer on your Answer Sheet. Part 3:Writing a Report(40 points) Question 12:Write a report based on the information provided below. You are helping a job agency to find people's attitudes toward their job.The title of the survey is "What is the most important thing in a job for you?"There are four choices for the questions: A.good salary B.lots of free time C.interesting work D.pleasant people to work with 37 people aged from 24-40 attended the survey.14 chose A,17 ticked B,2 took C and another 4 took D. Below are some additional points found in the survey that you can choose to use.You are asked to write a report of the survey.You may add logical reasons for the findings using your own idea.You should write 150-200 words.Write the report on your Answer Sheet. 25 said they enjoy their present work. 9 didn't like their work and wanted to change because they were too busy. 3 didn't like their work but didn't want to change because it was too risky to change. 156

Question 10: Writing a Summary (15 points) Summarize the above passage (i. e. , the passage in Questions 6-9) in your own words. Your summary should be 70 to 80 words. Write your summary on the Answer Sheet. Part 2: Writing a Letter (25 points) Question 11: Writing a Letter of Apology Catherine and her husband , Don bought a wedding gift - a set of china for Gabe and Lois who got married recently. But to their apology , for some reason or other, the latter failed to receive their gift. Suppose you are Catherine , write a letter of apology to Gabe and Lois to explain what happened. Base your letter on the following notes: l)Cat herine and Don bought a wedding gift - a set of china dinnerware in the Linden ' s Finer China Store , for the celebration of Gabe and Lois' marriage. 2)The reason for the delivery's failure is that there was out of stock at that time. 3)Catherine and Don went to the store in person and re-mailed the gift to their friends when it was in stock. Note: l)Write a correctly laid out letter, which might include the letterhead , date , name and address of recipient , salutation , body of the letter, complementary close , signature , and sender's printed name as well as job title. 5 points will be deducted for failing to follow the letter format properly. 2)You should write about 120 words. 3)Write the answer on your Answer Sheet. Part 3: Writing a Report (40 points) Qu臼lion 12: Write a report based on the information provided below. You are helping a job agency to find people's attitudes toward their job. The title of the survey is "What is the most important thing in a job for you?" There are four choices for the questIOns: A. good salary B. lots of free time C. interesting work D. pleasant people to work with 37 people aged from 24-40 attended the survey. 14 chose A , 17 ticked B, 2 took C and another 4 took D. Below are some additional points found in the survey that you can choose to use. You are asked to write a report of the survey. You may add logical reasons for the findings using your own idea. You should write 150-200 words. Write the report on your Answer Sheet. 25 said they enjoy their present work. 9 didn' t like their work and wanted to change because they were too busy. 3 didn' t like their work but didn' t want to change because it was too risky to change. 156

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