OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS 操作系统概念 ●●●●● 张柏礼 baileyzhang@sohu.com 东南大学计算机学院
1 OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS 张 柏 礼 bailey_zhang@sohu.com 东南大学计算机学院 操作系统概念
●●● ●●●● 2. Operating-System Structures ●●●● Objectives To describe the services that an operating system provides to users, processes, and other systems o To discuss the various ways of structuring an operating system To explain how operating systems are installed and customized and how they boot
2 2. Operating-System Structures ⚫ Objectives ⚫ To describe the services that an operating system provides to users, processes, and other systems ⚫ To discuss the various ways of structuring an operating system ⚫ To explain how operating systems are installed and customized and how they boot
●●● ●●●● 2.Operating-System Structures 9908 ●●●● 2.1 Operating System Services 2.2 User Operating System Interface 2. 3 System Calls 2. 4 Types of System Calls ·24 System Programs 2.6 Operating System Design and Implementation 2.7 Operating System Structure ●28 Virtual machines 2.9 Operating System Generation 2.10 System Boot
3 2. Operating-System Structures ⚫ 2.1 Operating System Services ⚫ 2.2 User Operating System Interface ⚫ 2.3 System Calls ⚫ 2.4 Types of System Calls ⚫ 2.4 System Programs ⚫ 2.6 Operating System Design and Implementation ⚫ 2.7 Operating System Structure ⚫ 2.8 Virtual Machines ⚫ 2.9 Operating System Generation ⚫ 2.10 System Boot
●●● ●●●● 2.1 Operating System Services ●●●● ●●● ●●● ●●●● o Generally operating-system should provide one set of common services( that are helpful to the user o User interface(Ul) Almost all operating systems have a user interface Command-Line interface(CLI) o Graphics User Interface(GUI Batch Interface Commands and directives are entered into files, and those files are executed
4 2.1 Operating System Services ⚫ Generally operating-system should provide one set of common services （that are helpful to the user） ⚫ User interface (UI) Almost all operating systems have a user interface ⚫ Command-Line interface (CLI) ⚫ Graphics User Interface (GUI) ⚫ Batch Interface ▪ Commands and directives are entered into files, and those files are executed
●●● ●●●● 2.1 Operating System Services :: ●● ●●●● ● Program execution The system must be able to load a program into memory run that program end execution, either normally or abnormally 〔 indicating error) 10 operations o A running program may require O, which may involve a file or an o device o The operating system must provide a means to operate l/o
5 2.1 Operating System Services ⚫ Program execution ⚫ The system must be able to ▪ load a program into memory ▪ run that program ▪ end execution, either normally or abnormally (indicating error) ⚫ I/O operations ⚫ A running program may require I/O, which may involve a file or an I/O device ⚫ The operating system must provide a means to operate I/O