Unit 7 I Background information Kentucky Fried Chicken, known as KFC in the US, is the worlds most popular chicken restaurant chain. The company originated and still has its headquarters in the US. It now has more than 30,000 restaurants worldwide. For more information, check out KFC'S homepage at http://www.kc.com 2. Blakes Thames Blake, William(1757-1827) was an English poet and artist whose best known books of poems are Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. The quotation used in Passage A comes from the first verse of a poem called"London " More information about William Blake canbefoundfromlinksathttp://www.betatesters.com/penn/blakel.htm.coLlectionsofhis workscanbefoundathttp:/hwww.blakearchive.org 3. The Thames The Thames is the main river flowing through London, and Englands most important river Formoreinformationcheckoutthewebsiteathttp://www.riverthames.co.uk 4. 911: This is the emergency telephone number in the US and Candada for contacting the police department, the fire department or medical emergency services II. Text Analysis: Main idea and devices for developing it 1. Main idea of the text? One night two armed young men robbed me of money, watch and even KFC. Next day, I went to look through the mug shots at the police station, affected with the impression that these young men, like a raging current, were eating at the foundations of what we had held 2. Devices for developing it Narration(叙事法) Example:“ Where' s your money? Where' s your money”"(对话) he barked. Everything he said during our encounter was repeated; instinctively, I did the same (#E)(Para. “lt' s in my wallet. It's in my wallet,” I said.(对话)(Para.5) He moved behind me, put his gun on my neck and began to search my trousers pockets.(叙事)(Para.6) Description(描写法) Example 1: Just then, his partner appeared. Slight and shorter, he held an enlarged blue steel pistol. His dark eyes shone like polished glass; his arms and legs moved unexpectedly, as if attached to unseen wires. Para. 13) Chinese:就在这时,他的同伙出现了。他很瘦小,手持一支加大的蓝色钢制手枪 他深色的眼睛里闪着光,好似擦亮了的玻璃;他手臂和双腿冷不防地移动着,就 好像是连着看不见的电线似的。(第13段) Example 2: Turning those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a
Unit 7 I. Background information： 1．KFC: Kentucky Fried Chicken, known as KFC in the US, is the world’s most popular chicken restaurant chain. The company originated and still has its headquarters in the US. It now has more than 30,000 restaurants worldwide. For more information, check out KFC's homepage at http://www.kfc.com. 2．Blake's Thames: Blake, William (1757 - 1827) was an English poet and artist whose best known books of poems are Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. The quotation used in Passage A comes from the first verse of a poem called “London.” More information about William Blake can be found from links at http://www.betatesters.com/penn/blake1.htm . Collections of his works can be found at http://www.blakearchive.org. 3. The Thames The Thames is the main river flowing through London, and England's most important river. For more information, check out the website at http://www.riverthames.co.uk . 4. 911: This is the emergency telephone number in the US and Candada for contacting the police department, the fire department or medical emergency services. II. Text Analysis: Main idea and devices for developing it 1. Main idea of the text? One night two armed young men robbed me of money, watch and even KFC. Next day, I went to look through the mug shots at the police station, affected with the impression that these young men, like a raging current, were eating at the foundations of what we had held dear. 2. Devices for developing it? Narration (叙事法) Example: “Where’s your money? Where’s your money”(对话) he barked. Everything he said during our encounter was repeated; instinctively, I did the same. (描写) (Para. 4) “It’s in my wallet. It’s in my wallet,” I said. (对话) (Para. 5) He moved behind me, put his gun on my neck and began to search my trousers ’ pockets. (叙事) (Para. 6) Description (描写法) Example 1 : Just then, his partner appeared. Slight and shorter, he held an enlarged blue steel pistol. His dark eyes shone like polished glass; his arms and legs moved unexpectedly, as if attached to unseen wires. (Para. 13) Chinese: 就在这时，他的同伙出现了。他很瘦小，手持一支加大的蓝色钢制手枪。 他深色的眼睛里闪着光，好似擦亮了的玻璃；他手臂和双腿冷不防地移动着，就 好像是连着看不见的电线似的。（第 13 段） Example 2: Turning those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a
sad current that, like Blake's Thames, seems to"mark in every face, marks weakness Chinese:一张张翻看并硏读这些照片,仿佛漂流在一条令人伤心的河流上,就像 身处英国诗人布莱克笔下的泰晤士河畔,似乎“看见每一个过往行人满脸饥色, 满脸愁苦”。(第32段) 对话法) ample 1: (Para. 7-11)"Where's your wallet? he asked It's in my back pocket. Where's the rest of your money? I don' t have any more money Where' s your watch?” Chinese:“你的钱包呢?”他问 “在后面的口袋里。” “还有呢?” “我就这么多钱了。” “你的手表呢? (第7到11段) Example 2:( Para 20-23)What's this? " the big one asked I rolled my head to the right "It's kfc chickens. "I said "Well take it, the big one snapped Chinese:“这是什么?”大个子问道 我把头转向右边 “是肯德基炸鸡,”我说 “我们把它带走,”大个子厉声说道。(第20到23段) 3. Main idea of each part and devices for developing it? Part I (Para. 1): Main idea: In spite of my caution, someone attacked me Devices for developing it: Description of sequential actions 动作顺序法) Key words: being cautious; scan the street before pulling in; walking out of the garage, a man emerged and pu Example: Like most city folks, I'm cautious. I scan the street and pathways for anything-or anyone- unusual before pulling into the garage. That night was no exception. But, as I walked out of the garage, KFC chicken in hand, a portly, unshaven young man in a stocking cap and dark nylon jacket emerged from the shrub by the parking pad and put his pistol Chinese:和大多数城里人一样,我非常小心谨慎。在把车开进车库前,我 会扫视街道和周围的小路,看看有没有异常的人或东西。那天晚上也 不例外。可是当我手里拿着肯德基炸鸡走出车库时,一个肥壮、留着 短髭、头戴绒线帽、身穿深色尼龙夹克的年轻人从停车处旁边的灌木 丛中钻出来,把手枪顶在我的双眼之间。 Part Il(Para 2-27): Main idea: I was robbed by two young men, losing my money, watch and chicken
sad current that, like Blake’s Thames, seems to “mark in every face, marks weakness, marks of woe.”(Para. 32) Chinese: 一张张翻看并研读这些照片，仿佛漂流在一条令人伤心的河流上，就像 身处英国诗人布莱克笔下的泰晤士河畔，似乎“看见每一个过往行人满脸饥色， 满脸愁苦” 。（第 32 段） Dialogue (对话法) Example 1: (Para. 7-11) “Where’s your wallet?” he asked. “It’s in my back pocket.” “Where’s the rest of your money?” “I don’t have any more money.” “Where’s your watch?” Chinese: “你的钱包呢？” 他问。 “在后面的口袋里。” “还有呢？” “我就这么多钱了。” “你的手表呢？” （第 7 到 11 段） Example 2: (Para 20-23) “What’s this?” the big one asked. I rolled my head to the right. “It’s KFC chickens,” I said. “We’ll take it,” the big one snapped. Chinese: “这是什么？” 大个子问道。 我把头转向右边。 “是肯德基炸鸡，”我说。 “我们把它带走，”大个子厉声说道。（第 20 到 23 段） 3. Main idea of each part and devices for developing it? Part I (Para. 1): Main idea: In spite of my caution, someone attacked me. Devices for developing it: Description of sequential actions (动作顺序法) Key words: being cautious; scan the street before pulling in; walking out of the garage; a man emerged and put his gun at me Example: Like most city folks, I’m cautious. I scan the street and pathways for anything— or anyone— unusual before pulling into the garage. That night was no exception. But, as I walked out of the garage, KFC chicken in hand, a portly, unshaven young man in a stocking cap and dark nylon jacket emerged from the shrub by the parking pad and put his pistol between my eyes. Chinese: 和大多数城里人一样，我非常小心谨慎。在把车开进车库前，我 会扫视街道和周围的小路，看看有没有异常的人或东西。那天晚上也 不例外。可是当我手里拿着肯德基炸鸡走出车库时，一个肥壮、留着 短髭、头戴绒线帽、身穿深色尼龙夹克的年轻人从停车处旁边的灌木 丛中钻出来，把手枪顶在我的双眼之间。 Part II (Para.2-27): Main idea: I was robbed by two young men, losing my money, watch and chicken
Devices for developing it: Combination of narration-description-dialoguc (叙事-描写-对话结合法) Example: His voice snapped," Stop looking at us. Stop looking at us:"(描写-对话)He wasnt stupid. Ive seen enough criminal trials to know victims of armed attacks are seldom able to identify their offenders because their attention focuses on the guns, rather than on their users. I consciously noted details of their faces(描写)” I'm not looking at you,” I lied as the big one ripped the watch from my wrist(对话-叙事)“ Get down. Get down,” the thin one ordered. He grabbed my glasses and tossed them onto the lawn(对话叙事) Chinese:他厉声说道,“不许朝我们看,不许朝我们看。”(描写-对话)他并不 蠢。我看过许多刑事审判,因而知道在那些武装袭击的受害者中,很少 有人能够辨认出那些袭击他们的人,因为他们的注意力全集中在枪上, 而没有放在持枪人身上。我有意识地留意了一下他们面部的细节。(描 写)“我没有看你们。”当那个大个子劫匪把手表从我的手腕上扯下来 时,我撒了个谎。(对话叙事)“趴下,趴下,”那小个子命令我, 并一把摘下了我的眼镜,把它扔到了草坪上。(对话-叙事) Part Ill(Para. 28-30): Main idea: Back at home, I reported the robbery to the police and they inquired into the Devices for developing it: Description of sequential actions(动作顺序法) Analysis: The set of actions leading to the main idea: got up, found the keys, entered s house and called 911; the police took a note and sent a police car; had a drink, the policemen came and took; he reported to the police Part IV(Para.31-34): Main idea: When looking through the mug shots at the station, I began to reflect on the damages these young people have done to Devices for developing it: Description( E iE ) description of my feelings and Example: Para. 33(Description of my reflection) ogether, these young men are a kind of river--- one that is out of control ating at the foundations of things we hold dear our freedom to move about the fruits of labor; our own lives and those of people we value. Some day, we will have to face this river and seek the depths of its discontent Chinese:这些年轻人聚合在一起构成了一条河流一一条已经失去控制的河流,这 条河流正吞噬着我们所珍视的东西的基础:我们的行动自由;我们的劳动 果实;我们的生命,以及那些我们尊敬的人的生命。总有一天,我们将不 得不面对这条河流,并探索其对现实不满的深层原因 III Expressions Patterns Expressions 1. face to face(with).面对面的/地 e.g. They've had a lot of online chatting, but they never had a face-to-face conversation 他们常常在网上交谈,但从来没有过面谈 2. to scan the street and pathways for anything.(L.1)扫视街道与小路看看… e.g. With a newspaper on hand, many young men first scan it for the names of their
Devices for developing it: Combination of narration-description-dialogue (叙事-描写-对话结合法) Example: His voice snapped, “Stop looking at us. Stop looking at us.”(描写-对话) He wasn’t stupid. I’ve seen enough criminal trials to know victims of armed attacks are seldom able to identify their offenders because their attention focuses on the guns, rather than on their users. I consciously noted details of their faces. (描写) ” I’m not looking at you,” I lied as the big one ripped the watch from my wrist.( 对 话 - 叙 事 ) “Get down. Get down,” the thin one ordered. He grabbed my glasses and tossed them onto the lawn.(对话-叙事) Chinese： 他厉声说道，“不许朝我们看，不许朝我们看。” (描写-对话) 他并不 蠢。我看过许多刑事审判，因而知道在那些武装袭击的受害者中，很少 有人能够辨认出那些袭击他们的人，因为他们的注意力全集中在枪上， 而没有放在持枪人身上。我有意识地留意了一下他们面部的细节。 (描 写) “我没有看你们。”当那个大个子劫匪把手表从我的手腕上扯下来 时，我撒了个谎。 (对话-叙事) “趴下，趴下，” 那小个子命令我， 并一把摘下了我的眼镜，把它扔到了草坪上。 (对话-叙事) Part III (Para.28-30): Main idea: Back at home, I reported the robbery to the police and they inquired into the case. Devices for developing it: Description of sequential actions (动作顺序法) Analysis: The set of actions leading to the main idea: got up, found the keys, entered his house and called 911; the police took a note and sent a police car; had a drink, the policemen came and took; he reported to the police Part IV (Para.31-34): Main idea: When looking through the mug shots at the station, I began to reflect on the damages these young people have done to our society. Devices for developing it: Description ( 描 写 法 )-- description of my feelings and reflections Example: Para.33 (Description of my reflection) Together, these young men are a kind of river--- one that is out of control, eating at the foundations of things we hold dear: our freedom to move about; the fruits of labor; our own lives and those of people we value. Some day, we will have to face this river and seek the depths of its discontent. Chinese：这些年轻人聚合在一起构成了一条河流—一条已经失去控制的河流，这 条河流正吞噬着我们所珍视的东西的基础：我们的行动自由；我们的劳动 果实；我们的生命，以及那些我们尊敬的人的生命。总有一天，我们将不 得不面对这条河流，并探索其对现实不满的深层原因。 III. Expressions & Patterns Expressions 1. face to face (with): 面对面的/地 e.g. They've had a lot of online chatting, but they never had a face-to-face conversation. 他们常常在网上交谈,但从来没有过面谈。 2. to scan the street and pathways for anything… (L. 1): 扫视街道与小路看看… e.g. With a newspaper on hand, many young men first scan it for the names of their
favorite stars, and then glance at the other news 拿到报纸,许多年轻人首先要找他们喜欢的明x星的名字,然后才会浏览其它 消息。 3 to be no exception(L.2)…也不例外 e.g. To err is human, and nobody can be an exception 人都会出错,没有人例外 4. to emerge from the shrub(L.4)从灌木丛中钻出来 e.g. Finally, the truth emerged from behind the numerous confusing facts and materials 真相终于从大量纷乱的事实与材料之中显露出来。 5 to be cautious of(L1)对……谨慎的(非常小心的:细心的) e.g. As the examples of their children, parents need to be cautious of their behaviors and 作为自己孩子的榜样,父母言行需谨慎 6. to pull into(L.2):(车)停靠,驶向(一旁) e.g. The bus pulled into the opening at the side of the road to let the cars pass 公交车开到路边的空地上,让那些小汽车通过。 7.asif(L.23)}:似乎,仿佛 e.g. She opened her lips as if to say something but stopped 她张了张嘴,欲言又止 8. to attach..to(L23)系在……上,连接到… e. g. Attach the handle to the box 把这个把手装到箱子上。 9. to focus on(L26):集中(于某事物) e.g. I dont know why I am so tired that I can not focus my attention on anything in class 我不知道今天怎么这么累,在课堂上注意力怎么也集中不起来 10. rather than(L27):而不,不愿 e.g. I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee 我想要一杯冷饮,而不是咖啡。 e.g. I want to see a funny program but not a serious one. I enjoy laughing rather than crying 我想看轻松的节目,而不是严肃的节目。我喜欢笑而不是哭 1. to have mercy on sb.(L.33)可怜某人 e.g. The seized soldier appealed to his enemy to have mercy on him 被俘的士兵乞求敌人宽恕他。 12. to turn to(L.41)转向(求助于) e.g. Turning to drink to free you of worries tends to make your mood worse 借酒浇愁愁更愁 13. to get to one'sfet(L.45)站起来 e.g. It is a custom in China to get to one's feet to greet visitors 站起来迎接客人是中国人的习俗 14. to look through(L.52):浏览,仔细查看 e.g. I'lI look through my notes but I dont think I have a record of his name 我会仔细看一下我的笔记,可我觉得我没有记下他的名字
favorite stars, and then glance at the other news. 拿到报纸，许多年轻人首先要找他们喜欢的明 x 星的名字，然后才会浏览其它 消息。 3. to be no exception (L. 2): … 也不例外 e.g. To err is human, and nobody can be an exception. 人都会出错，没有人例外。 4. to emerge from the shrub (L. 4): 从灌木丛中钻出来 e.g. Finally, the truth emerged from behind the numerous confusing facts and materials. 真相终于从大量纷乱的事实与材料之中显露出来。 5. to be cautious of (L.1): 对……谨慎的(非常小心的；细心的) e.g. As the examples of their children, parents need to be cautious of their behaviors and speeches. 作为自己孩子的榜样，父母言行需谨慎。 6. to pull into (L. 2): （车）停靠，驶向（一旁） e.g. The bus pulled into the opening at the side of the road to let the cars pass. 公交车开到路边的空地上，让那些小汽车通过。 7．as if (L. 23)：似乎，仿佛 e.g. She opened her lips as if to say something but stopped . 她张了张嘴，欲言又止。 8. to attach … to (L.23): 系在……上，连接到…… e.g. Attach the handle to the box. 把这个把手装到箱子上。 9. to focus on (L. 26): 集中（于某事物） e.g. I don’t know why I am so tired that I can not focus my attention on anything in class today. 我不知道今天怎么这么累，在课堂上注意力怎么也集中不起来。 10. rather than (L 27): 而不，不愿， e.g. I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想要一杯冷饮，而不是咖啡。 e.g. I want to see a funny program but not a serious one. I enjoy laughing rather than crying. 我想看轻松的节目，而不是严肃的节目。我喜欢笑而不是哭。 11．to have mercy on sb. (L. 33): 可怜某人 e.g. The seized soldier appealed to his enemy to have mercy on him. 被俘的士兵乞求敌人宽恕他。 12．to turn to (L. 41): 转向(求助于)… e.g. Turning to drink to free you of worries tends to make your mood worse. 借酒浇愁愁更愁。 13. to get to one’s feet (L. 45): 站起来 e.g. It is a custom in China to get to one’s feet to greet visitors. 站起来迎接客人是中国人的习俗。 14. to look through (L. 52): 浏览，仔细查看 e.g. I’ll look through my notes but I don’t think I have a record of his name. 我会仔细看一下我的笔记，可我觉得我没有记下他的名字
e.g. Look through your examination paper for any small mistakes before you hand it in 交卷前,好好检查一下你的试卷,看看有没有小错 15. to be out of control(L.59)失去控制 e.g. The fire is burning out of control 火势已经失去控制。 l6. to eat(away)at(L.59)逐渐毁掉,侵蚀 e.g. The river is eating away at the bank 这条河流正慢慢侵蚀着河堤 17. to hold sb/sth.dear(L.60)极爱某人或某物 e.g. Honor and opportunity in life I hold dear; morality and principle I hold dearer 我珍爱生活中的荣誉与机遇,但更珍视生活中的道义与原则。 l8. to seek the depths of its discontent(L.61)探索其对现实不满的深层原因 e.g. Sociologists are working hard to seek the depths of the increasing rate of violence 社会学家们正在努力探索青少年暴力犯罪率不断上升的深层原因。 Patterns for you to use as models Typical patterns for Example 1: As I spoke, I set the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway. .(L. 7) 句型提炼: As sb did sth,sb/ someone else did sth else 应用:a.警察从前门冲进大楼的时候,这群小偷从后门逃走了 As the police were entering the building from the front entrance, the thieves escaped through the back door b.警察一边喊着:“不许动 边拔枪。 As he shouted: Freeze!", the policeman pulled out his pistol Example 2:" Here, I replied, extending my left arm sideways. (L. 19) 句型提炼: Sb does/did sth, doing sth else. 应用:a.妻子一边开门,一边说她再也不回这个家了 The wife opened the door, saying she would never return to this home b.父亲一边威胁着要教训他不争气的儿子,一边举起了手中的鞭子 he father threatened to teach his shameful son a good lesson, raising the whip in his 2. Typical patterns for simile Example 1: His dark eyes shone like polished glass (L. 22) Example 2: Turning those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a sad current….(L.56) 句型提炼: Sb/Sth does sth like sth.某人某物做某事,好像/好似…一样, Doing sth is like/ just the same as( doing) sth else做某事仿佛(做)另一件事 样 应用:a.她漂亮的长发从肩头垂下,好似一条黑色的瀑布。 Her beautiful long hair fell down over her shoulders like a black waterfall b.学如逆水行舟,不进则退。 Learning is like rowing upstream; you either struggle forward or drop behind 3. Typical patterns for suggestion Example: Presently, all we can do is look at smug shots and stick our fingers in the dam
e.g. Look through your examination paper for any small mistakes before you hand it in. 交卷前，好好检查一下你的试卷，看看有没有小错。 15. to be out of control (L. 59): 失去控制 e.g. The fire is burning out of control. 火势已经失去控制。 16. to eat (away) at (L. 59): 逐渐毁掉，侵蚀 e.g. The river is eating away at the bank. 这条河流正慢慢侵蚀着河堤。 17. to hold sb./sth. dear (L. 60): 极爱某人或某物 e.g. Honor and opportunity in life I hold dear; morality and principle I hold dearer. 我珍爱生活中的荣誉与机遇，但更珍视生活中的道义与原则。 18. to seek the depths of its discontent (L. 61): 探索其对现实不满的深层原因 e.g. Sociologists are working hard to seek the depths of the increasing rate of violence crime among youngsters. 社会学家们正在努力探索青少年暴力犯罪率不断上升的深层原因。 Patterns for you to use as models 1. Typical patterns for concurrence: Example 1: As I spoke, I set the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway…. (L. 7) 句型提炼: As sb did sth, sb/someone else did sth else. 应用: a. 警察从前门冲进大楼的时候，这群小偷从后门逃走了。 As the police were entering the building from the front entrance, the thieves escaped through the back door. b. 警察一边喊着：“不许动！”， 一边拔枪。 As he shouted: “Freeze!”, the policeman pulled out his pistol. Example 2: “Here,” I replied, extending my left arm sideways. (L. 19) 句型提炼: Sb does/did sth, doing sth else. 应用: a. 妻子一边开门，一边说她再也不回这个家了。 The wife opened the door, saying she would never return to this home. b. 父亲一边威胁着要教训他不争气的儿子，一边举起了手中的鞭子。 The father threatened to teach his shameful son a good lesson, raising the whip in his hand. 2. Typical patterns for simile Example 1: His dark eyes shone like polished glass. (L. 22) Example 2:Turning those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a sad current … (L. 56) 句型提炼: Sb/Sth does sth like sth. 某人/某物做某事，好像/好似…一样。 Doing sth is like / just the same as (doing) sth else.做某事仿佛(做)另一件事一 样。 应用: a. 她漂亮的长发从肩头垂下，好似一条黑色的瀑布。 Her beautiful long hair fell down over her shoulders like a black waterfall. b. 学如逆水行舟，不进则退。 Learning is like rowing upstream; you either struggle forward or drop behind. 3. Typical patterns for suggestion Example: Presently, all we can do is look at smug shots and stick our fingers in the dam