可电磁学00-03：电磁学发展早期简史 有京大赞 NJING UNIVEsI >古代春秋战国时期看到的磁石吸铁。（公元前770年~公元前221年） 《管子地数》载：“山上有慈石（即磁石）者，其下有铜金。” >司徒南：东汉时期思想家王充写的《论衡》书中“司南之杓，投 之于地，其柢指南”的记载。 >不要太相信中国人对电和磁有多少科学的理解。 >公元前600年，希腊的Thales-也有琥珀摩擦吸引草屑的记载。 >电磁学真正的科学研究来自于英国William Gilbert(电磁学之父)对 电和磁的实验。 >吉伯为磁通势单位，用以纪念这位磁学的先驱者
古代春秋战国时期看到的磁石吸铁。(公元前770年~公元前221年) 《管子•地数》载：“山上有慈石(即磁石)者，其下有铜金。” 司徒南：东汉时期思想家王充写的《论衡》书中“司南之杓，投 之于地，其柢指南”的记载。 不要太相信中国人对电和磁有多少科学的理解。 公元前600年，希腊的Thales也有琥珀摩擦吸引草屑的记载。 电磁学真正的科学研究来自于英国William Gilbert(电磁学之父)对 电和磁的实验。 吉伯为磁通势单位，用以纪念这位磁学的先驱者。 电磁学00-03: 电磁学发展早期简史
可电磁学00-03：电磁学发展早期简史 有京大赞 NJING UNIVE段SIT ▣电磁学发展史参考资料 口《电磁学发展史》作者：宋德生/李国栋出版社：广西人民出版社 http://history.hyperjeff.net/electromagnetism Prof.S.Errede,A Brief History of The Development of Classical Electrodynamics
电磁学00-03: 电磁学发展早期简史 电磁学发展史参考资料 《电磁学发展史》作者: 宋德生 / 李国栋 出版社: 广西人民出版社 http://history.hyperjeff.net/electromagnetism Prof. S. Errede, A Brief History of The Development of Classical Electrodynamics
可电磁学00-03：电磁学发展早期简史 有京大赞 ANJING UNIVE度sI ▣附加资料 1086 Shen Kua (1-5)'s Dream Pool Essays make the first reference to compasses used in navigation 1150s Earliest explicit reference to nagnets per se,in farmn d'Endas.(see reference) metal mirrors (elass mirrors being s19th century invention). 1190s Alexander Neckam (115T-1217'sDe naturis rerum contains the first western reference to 5th Empedocles (bca.)peculates (based on reason)that the speed of light is finite. corpasses used for navigation,and it had by this time been in comon use. Convex lenses in existence at Carthage. refraction. Chinese fortu John Pechan (e 120-sark on optics and light. 1t South-pointing divining boards becone comon in Chine cent Greatly furthering the work of( g1a111 (ad c te n reflection lid in the late 15th century). True compasses come into use by this date in China ourt.Soldier,the first 6th (China)Discovery that loadstones could be used to magnetize small iron needles cent 11t Abu Al 16th Girola Cardano(7 elaborates the difference between aber and loadstone. cent He adapts the mathematical 1508 John of St.suggests the ides of magnetic poles,the,ond magnetic currents. China)Iro 1558
电磁学00-03: 电磁学发展早期简史 附加资料
可电磁学00-03：电磁学发展早期简史 有京大赞 ANJING UNIVE段SIT 1558 Giabattista Della Porta (15-1616)publishes his major work,fagia naturalis snalyzing other thing first najor classification of electric and non-electric materials.gives the nam substance behind electr comarative f to the ion of nating that electrice oatraiag2g"ea opposed to the oir between objects):that heating dispelled the attractive Gilbert longitudinal vibrations ofa mediu in which individual wavelets spherically spread.He also introduces wave-front analysis,the nation of a material's optical density and a theory of color. 1603 Kepler(1-16)finishes Astranodae Pars Optica going over parallas,reflection of mirrors,the inverse square law and related phenonena in astronomy. 1665 1606 Della Porta firat describes the heating effects of light rays. 1669 1618r112dra co Maria Grimaldi (1618-63)discovers diffraction patterns of light and inot h scyof becones convinced that light is a wave-like phenomenon.The theory is given little attention. 1671 Isaac Newton (1642-172T)presents his observations on color and suggests color to be a property of light rays. 1621 Willebrurd van Roi jen Snell (1580-1826)experimentally deternines the law of angles of incidence and reflection for light and for refraction between two media. 1672 Noton pres acorrected account of Christioan Hyghens (1629-95) discovery of polarization phenomena 1629 Micolo Cabee (1)publishes his observations on electrical repulsion,noting that 1675 attracting substances nay later repel one another after making contact. Robert Boyle162-9 writes B 1630 Vince issuing fron and returning to,the 1637 inite 。fh calculating a speed for light,he estimates the Sun-Earth transit time for light to trovel as roughly 11 ninutes. gretisn as the reslt of the n particles ond their displacenents,and proposings the absence of both void 167dthe theoy ofht in hi and action at a distance. 1687 Newton notes magnetiam to be a non-uiversal force and derives an inverse cubed lsw for two 1646 Thomes Brome (6-82 coins the tern"electricity"in his Pseudodia ipideadica. poles of a magnet. tes the principle of least time for 1690 Publication of Byghens'work Treatise on Light (originally presented to the Academie in 1678).This work includes 1660 Otto van Guericke (2-8 builds the first electrical machine,rotating toises per second frictional generator
电磁学00-03: 电磁学发展早期简史
可电磁学00-03：电磁学发展早期简史 有京大赞 ANJING UNIVE度sI 1777 Charles research sets a new direction in research into and 1704 Newton's res 1709 Francis Hoksbee (1-1113's Physico-Wechanical Experiments an Various Subjects. than from static electricity.The mechanical response of animal tissue to contact with two dissinilar netals is now knowmn as galvanism. 1728 James Bradley (1620-1162)discovers the pheno of steller aberration,confirming and providinga nw method for deternining the finite speed of light. 1785 Coulomb independently invents the torsion balance to confirm the inverse Coulonb square law of electric charges.He also verifies Michell's low of force 1729 Stephen Gray (ea.16T0-170 shoura static electricity to be transported via subatances, for magnets and also suggests that it night be inpossible to separate two poles of a magnet especially metals. without creating two nore poles on each part of the magnet. 1733 Charles-Froncois de Cisternai du Fay (1s-173)discovers that electric charges are of two 1799 a moist substance types and that like charges repell while unlike charges attract. is placed between two netals.This cd toreectc cemter linsert into rst electric batteries. 1800 Volta rites a paper on electricity by contact. 1746 william Watsom (1715-8)suggests conservation of electric charge. 1801 Thomas Young (1173-1829)mork on interference revives interest in the wave theory of light. Jean Antuine Nollet (1700-701's Essai sur I'electricite des carps. He als for the recently discovered phenomenon light polarization by suggesting that light is a vibration in the aether transverse to the direction of propogation. 1747 Benjamin Franklin ()proposes that electricity be modeled by a single fluid with two tteeaectr五catiematia 1 833)nakes a mare or 4 as pos went unoticed until 1921.) ntly by dish tein ()(111).but Watson passes electrical charge alons a two mile long wire. 1807 of Electricity,"drawing close the possible relationships of che cal work,A Ireatise on Artificial Nagnets. 1812 Simeon-Denis Poiss the 为.1 of n 1759 Franz Ulrich Theodosiu Aepinus (1724-1802)publishes An Attenpt at a Theary of glectricity of electricity.He also pointe out the usefulness of a potential function for electrical ad Nagnerise the first book applying mathematical techniques to the subject. systcns. 1764 Johan Carl Wilcke (T-)invents the electrophorus,a device which can produce relatively ans Christian Oersted (1777-1851)sugtests that experinents on galvanism could show the large amoumts of electric charge easily and repeatedly. relationship between electricity and magnetism 1766 Joacph Priestley (17-1)deduces the inverse squore lom for electric charges using the 1813 s of experiments showing the absence of electrical effects inside a charged hollow of retn ofby elaend conducting sphere. 1814 Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1788-1827)independently discovers the interference phenomena of 1772 light and explains its existence in terns of wave theory. 1775 Alessandro Cui se Antonio Anastasio Volta (1745-182T)invents an electrometer,a plate 1817 Fresnel predicts a dragging effect on light in the aether. ser and the eleetrophorus 1818 Fresnel's essay on optics and the oether
电磁学00-03: 电磁学发展早期简史