metry or tisse wall and the The body of a sponge crete hard minera is perforated by m tiny pores throug es and tough protein fib which water enters ain. These structures Epithelial The beating fagella of the many choanocytes draw water in through the pores, through the sponge and eventually out through the Each choanocyte is exactly otis called a seems cartain that these Nucleus protists are the ancestors by endocytosis FGURE 41.9 The simplest multicellular animals lack tissues. The body of a sponge is multicellular, containing several distinctly different types of cells whose activities are loosely coordinated with one another. The sponge body is not symmetrical and has no organized tissues
Figure 41.4 Representative sponges in their marine habitat Figure 41.5 A sponge (Verongia archer ot the West Indies, releasing sperm to the surrounding water
第七节动物界 (Kingdom of Animal) 二、腔肠动物( Coelenterata 辐射对称 两胚层,有中胶层,原始消化腔““ 原始的神经糸统—一神经网( nerve net) 生活史中有世代交替现象(水螅型个体,水母型个体) 类群: 水螅纲 Hydrozoa淡水产,水螅 腔肠动物的神经糸统 钵水母纲 Scyphozoa全部海产,大型水母,海蜇 腔肠动物开始出现了神经细胞,位于 外胚层基部,具有两个,三个或多个神经 突起,相互联成网状。因为腔酚动物的神 珊瑚纲 Anthozoa海葵,珊瑚 经系统没有神经中祖,所以神经传导没有 定方向,是动物中最原始的神经系统 又称为网状神经系统
二、腔肠动物(Coelenterata) 辐射对称 两胚层,有中胶层,原始消化腔 原始的神经系统——神经网(nerve net) 生活史中有世代交替现象(水螅型个体,水母型个体) 类群: 水螅纲 Hydrozoa 淡水产,水螅 钵水母纲 Scyphozoa 全部海产,大型水母,海蜇 珊瑚纲 Anthozoa 海葵,珊瑚 第七节 动物界 ( Kingdom of Animal )
水螅的体型 水母型 FLOATING FORM 身体呈圆盘状,突起的一面称 外伞面,凹进的一面称下余面,下 伞面的中央有一个垂管,末端是口 外李而 触 Tentacles Mouth 下伞面 水螅型 ATTACHED 身体呈圆筒状,下端是用于 FORM 固着的基盘,另一端是周国有多 条触手的口 FIGURE 22-7 The two body forms 触 ound in cnidarians. The free-floating medusa is an inverted version of the ses 口道 sile polyp. Both have tentacles surround- 消化稿环腔 ing the mouth, which leads into a gas- provascular cavity 基盘
水螅的体型
水螅纲 (Hydrozoa) 少数种类生活在淡水中,多数生 蔽枝她在浅海,附着在岩石、海草等物体上 既有水型,也有水母型,或二种型同 时存在于群体中。 本朗水绝型结构简单,无口道,消 化环腔中也没有隔膜;水母型一般有 模,生殖加胞和刺细胞均在外题朵剩这 膜图示 水媳纲代表动物 僧帽水母 水螅 薮 枝 Physalia Hydra Obelia 圖