What is Fluid Three States of matter Solid ● Fluids ●Llqu d ●Gas Solids Shear strain= function of stress o body recovers when stress is removed FI uIas Deform continuously when subjected to shear stress e Rate of shear Strain= function of shear stress body does not recover when stress is removed
What is Fluid ? Three States of Matter : • Solid • Fluids : • Liquid • Gas Solids : • Shear Strain = function of Stress • Body recovers when stress is removed Fluids : • Deform continuously when subjected to shear stress • Rate of Shear Strain = function of Shear stress • Body does not recover when stress is removed
Differences Between Liquids and Gases liqUids Practically incompressible Has a finite volume at given pressure and temperature G ases Highly compressible Always expands to fill up container
Differences Between Liquids and Gases Liquids • Practically incompressible • Has a finite volume at given pressure and temperature Gases • Highly compressible • Always expands to fill up container
What is fluid mechanics Application of principles of mechanics to fluid motion Conservation Laws: Mass, Energy, Momentum e Newton's laws of motion Thermodynamic laws for Gases Main areas Fluid Statics Study of fluid at rest Fluid Kinematics: Study of Fluid motion without considering forces Fluid Dynamics: Study relation between motion and forces Hydraulics: Application of Fluid mechanics to practical problems
What is Fluid Mechanics ? Application of principles of mechanics to fluid motion : • Conservation Laws : Mass, Energy, Momentum • Newton’s Laws of Motion • Thermodynamic laws for Gases Main Areas : • Fluid Statics : Study of Fluid at rest • Fluid Kinematics : Study of Fluid motion without considering forces • Fluid Dynamics : Study relation between motion and forces • Hydraulics : Application of Fluid Mechanics to practical problems
Dimensions and units Fluid characteristics(properties) can be described qualitatively in terms of certain Basic Dimensions'or Primary Quantities Length. L e Mass M e Time. t Temperature, 0 Secondary Quantities'can be derived in terms of the primary quantities, e.g Area, Velocity Lt e Densi Ity, ML-3 Units are standards for quantitative measurement: m ks g
Dimensions and Units Fluid characteristics (properties) can be described qualitatively in terms of certain ‘Basic Dimensions’ or ‘Primary Quantities’ : • Length, L • Mass, M • Time, T • Temperature, ‘Secondary Quantities’ can be derived in terms of the ‘primary quantities’, e.g. • Area, L2 • Velocity LT-1 • Density, ML-3 Units are standards for quantitative measurement : m, s, kg