《大学英语》课程参考资料（作文写作）应试技巧-阅读理解.doc

bigcars.Theyarealsomoreeconomical to operate and maintain, and they cost less.Because oftheseadvantages优势③thenextcar(that)Ibuyispoingtobesmall one①该篇文章的中心一一小型汽车好（文章第一句）②具体说明小型汽车好在什么地方（文章中部）③文章结论（既作者观点）（文章尾部）“我要再买车就买小型车”。段落及文章的主题句He studied English hard in theuniversity for thetest on Sunday three yeas ago他三年前在大学里，为了考试星期日努力学习英语注解：从上句可以看出，英国人在表达句子的时候，把最重要的放在前头。而中国人却将不重要的修饰成份放在前面。了解两个民族思维习惯的不同正是我们做好阅读理解及写好英文文章的关键所在。英国人写一个句子如此，在写一个段落时也是如此。1、主题句通常在段首（绝大部分文语。章）(A)Helen is the most conceited(自负）person (that)know She thinks (that) sheknowseverythingandcandoanythingunderthesun.Accordingtoher,sheisanexpert老练的,内行的bowler投手，tennis网球运动player,swimmer,and softballplayer.Shetellseveryonethatsheisthesmartest聪明的person inthe class.Nomatterwhat theproblem is,Helen alwaysthinks (that)she cansolve it because she believes (that)there is nothing(that)she cannotdo注解：英国人在写文章的段落时，同样把最重要的东西放在段首，既主题句。此段在第一句“海伦是一个最自负的人”，先说段落主题然后再进一步说明海伦是如何自负。考试中我们只需看一句就够了，无需全部阅读。如果不认识conceited，便可读第二句“Shethinkssheknowseverythingandcandoanythingunderthesun.”“她认为在这个世界上她无所不知，无所不能。”从该句也可推出conceited是自负的意思。Eventhoughulcers（溃疡）appeartoruninfamilies，lifestyleplays扮演moreofarole角色thangenetic（基因的）factors in causingtheillness,accordingtoareport intheApril 13th Journal ofIntemal Medicine. In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain-releasingmedicines in women were linked with an increased risk ofdeveloping anulcer.1,The passageargues指出thatAUlcersarerelatedtogenesB.Ulcers are chiefly related to lifestyleC.Ulcers appearinmenandwomenD.UlcersarecausedbybacterianfectionThereisawallet（钱包）onthedesk=On the desk, there is a wallet

big cars. They are also more economical to operate and maintain, and they cost less. Because of these advantages 优势, ③the next car(that) I buy is going to be small one. ①该篇文章的中心——小型汽车好（文章第一句） ②具体说明小型汽车好在什么地方（文章中部） ③文章结论（既作者观点）（文章尾部）“我要再买车就买小型车”。段落及文章的主题句 He studied English hard in the university for the test on Sunday three yeas ago. 他三年前在大学里，为了考试星期日努力学习英语注解：从上句可以看出，英国人在表达句子的时候，把最重要的放在前头。而中国人却将不重要的修饰成份放在前面。了解两个民族思维习惯的不同正是我们做好阅读理解及写好英文文章的关键所在。英国人写一个句子如此，在写一个段落时也是如此。 1、主题句通常在段首（绝大部分文语。章） (A) Helen is the most conceited(自负) person (that) I know. She thinks (that) she knows everything and can do anything under the sun. According to her, she is an expert 老练的, 内行的 bowler 投手, tennis 网球运动 player, swimmer, and softball player. She tells everyone that she is the smartest 聪明的 person in the class. No matter what the problem is, Helen always thinks (that) she can solve it because she believes (that) there is nothing (that) she cannot do. 注解：英国人在写文章的段落时，同样把最重要的东西放在段首，既主题句。此段在第一句“海伦是一个最自负的人”，先说段落主题然后再进一步说明海伦是如何自负。考试中我们只需看一句就够了，无需全部阅读。如果不认识 conceited，便可读第二句“She thinks she knows everything and can do anything under the sun.”“她认为在这个世界上她无所不知，无所不能。”从该句也可推出 conceited 是自负的意思。 Even though ulcers（溃疡） appear to run in families, lifestyle plays 扮演 more of a role 角色 than genetic（基因的） factors in causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine. In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain -releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing an ulcer. 1. The passage argues 指出 that A. Ulcers are related to genes. B. Ulcers are chiefly related to lifestyle. C. Ulcers appearin men and women. D. Ulcers are caused by bacteria infection. There is a wallet (钱包) on the desk . =On the desk, there is a wallet

The students studyEnalishhard intheuniversity主语调语宾语状语状语In the university the students study English hard.中国是圆脑袋，英国德国人是方脑袋。注解：在读段落第一句时，如果是状语从句中心应在主句上，从句可以不读。例如上句“尽管溃疡是以家庭形式出现，而生活方式在引起疾病方面比基因起到更重要的作用。”因此该文的中心应该是生活方式而不是家族遗传。应选b。2、如果有转折词，如buthowever等，中心思想通常在这些连词的后面。Waves are beautiful to look at, butthey can destroy ships at sea, as well as houses andbuildings near the shore. What causes waves? Most waves are caused by winds blowing over thesurface of the water.The sun heats the earth, causing the air to rise and the winds to blow.The windsblowacrossthesea,pushinglittlewavesintobiggerandbiggerones.注解：在一段中出现but，however,so等连词一定要看这些连词之后，否则不但抓不到中心，反而会被误导。如上段中心不是说海浪的美丽，而是说海浪所造成的损害。Doctors are of the opinion that most people cannot live beyond 10o years, but a growingnumber of scientists believe that the aging process can be controlled. There are more than 12,o00Americans over 1o0 years old who receive social security benefits, and their numbers are increasingeach yearDr.James Langley of Chicago claims that.Theoretically and under ideal conditions,animals,including man, can live six times longer than their normal period of growth. A person's period ofgrowth lasts approximately twenty-five years. If Dr. Langley's theory is accurate, future generationscanexpectalifespanof150years注解：该段不是谈人活不到一百岁，而是谈能活一百岁。如果中心抓错会造成一系列的选择错误。关于心脏病的故事In the last 500 years, nothing about people --- not heir clothes, ideas, or languages -haschanged as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of thecocoa tree by South American Indans. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the15oos,and although if was very expensive,it quicklybecamefashionable.In Londonshopswherechocolatedrinks were servedbecame importantmeetingplaces.Some still exist today .1.According to the passage,which ofthefollowing haschanged the most in thelast 500 years?A)Food.B)Chocolate.C)Potato.D) Coffee.注解：在阅读理解的考试中，经常提问段落的主题句，既中心思想。我们只要读一句what theyeat就够了，这样可以节省大量的时间。土豆是最好的食品—最有营养最好吃英国人最爱种什么作者最爱的吃(C)Japanese studentsworkveryhardbutmanyareunhappyTheyfeelheavypressures(力)fromtheir parents to do well in school Most students are always being told by their parents to study harderso that they can have a wonderful life.Though this may be good ideas for those very bright students, itcanhaveteribleresultsformanystudentsbecausetheyarenotgifted(有天赋的enough

The studentsstudy English hard in the university. 主语谓语宾语状语状语 In the university,the students study English hard. 中国是圆脑袋，英国德国人是方脑袋。注解：在读段落第一句时，如果是状语从句中心应在主句上，从句可以不读。例如上句“尽管溃疡是以家庭形式出现，而生活方式在引起疾病方面比基因起到更重要的作用。”因此该文的中心应该是生活方式而不是家族遗传。应选 b。 2、如果有转折词，如 but, however 等，中心思想通常在这些连词的后面。 Waves are beautiful to look at, but they can destroy ships at sea, as well as houses and buildings near the shore. What causes waves? Most waves are caused by winds blowing over the surface of the water. The sun heats the earth, causing the air to rise and the winds to blow. The winds blow across the sea, pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones. . 注解：在一段中出现 but，however, so 等连词一定要看这些连词之后，否则不但抓不到中心，反而会被误导。如上段中心不是说海浪的美丽，而是说海浪所造成的损害。 - Doctors are of the opinion that most people cannot live beyond 100 years, but a growing number of scientists believe that the aging process can be controlled. There are more than 12,000 Americans over 100 years old who receive social security benefits, and their numbers are increasing each year. Dr. James Langley of Chicago claims that. Theoretically and under ideal conditions, animals, including man, can live six times longer than their normal period of growth. A person’s period of growth lasts approximately twenty-five years. If Dr. Langley’s theory is accurate, future generations can expect a life span of 150 years. 注解：该段不是谈人活不到一百岁，而是谈能活一百岁。如果中心抓错会造成一系列的选择错误。关于心脏病的故事 - In the last 500 years, nothing about people - not heir clothes, ideas, or languages - has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s, and although if was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today. . 1．According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years? A) Food. B) Chocolate. C) Potato. D) Coffee. 注解：在阅读理解的考试中，经常提问段落的主题句，既中心思想。我们只要读一句 what they eat.就够了，这样可以节省大量的时间。土豆是最好的食品-最有营养最好吃英国人最爱种什么作者最爱的吃 (C) Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy. They feel heavy pressures( 压力) from their parents to do well in school. Most students are always being told by their parents to study harder so that they can have a wonderful life. Though this may be good ideas for those very bright students, it can have terrible results for many students because they are not gifted(有天赋的) enough

What'sthebesttitle(标题）ofthepassage?1.A.TheTrouble in Japanese SchoolsB.TheProblems of JapaneseStudentsC. IEducation in JapanD.The pressures of a Student in JapanLONDON (Reuters)Organic fruit,delivered right to the doorstep.That is what Gabriel Goldprefers, and he is willing to pay for it. If this is not possible, the 26-year-old computer technician willspend the extra money at the supermarket to buy organic food."Organic produce is always better,"Gold said."Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(农药),andyouare generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally (本地)grown and seasonal,so it ismore tasty."Gold is one ofa growing numberofshoppers buying intothe organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow theirorganicfoodbusiness.Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregettmg,andwhyaretheywillingto pay a higher pricefor organic produce?Marketresearch shows that Gold and others whobuyorganic food can generally give clear reasons for their preferences-but theirknowledge of organicfood is far from complete. For example, small amounts of pesticides can be used on organic products.And about three quarters of organic food in Britain is not local but imported (进)to meetgrowing demand. "The demand for organic food is increasing by about one third every year, so it is averyfast-growing market,"said Sue Flock, a specialist in this line ofbusiness.（查细节）60.More andmore peoplein Britain are buying organic food becauseA. they are getting richerB. they can get the food anywhereC. they consider the food free of pollutionD. they like home-grown fruit61.Which of the following statements iss true to thefacts about most organic produce sold inBritain?A. It grows indoors all year round.B. It is produced outside BritainC. It is grown on familyfarmsD. It is produced on large farms.62. Whatis the meaningof"the organic trend"as the words are used in thetext?（解释词义）A.growing interest in organic foodB.betterquality of organic foodC. rising market fororganic foodD. higher prices of organic food63.Whatisthebesttitleforthisnews story?（文章的中心思想）A. Organic food healthy,or just for the wealthy?B. The making oforganic food in BritainC. Organic food to import or not?D. Good qualities oforganic food第三篇Centers中心of the GreatEuropean欧洲的CitiesThe centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition.People gather there todrink coffee and chat late into the night. A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting,metropolitan(大都市的)atmosphere.Squares，plazas(广场）andarcades(拱廊）formtheheartof Europes cities.Venice、 in Italy has the Piazza San Marco a beautiful square surrounded by shops,churches,restaurantsand cafes。In Barcelona,Spain,La Becquerel is a livelymarket with hundreds

1. What'sthe best title(标题) of the passage? A. The Trouble in Japanese Schools B. The Problems of Japanese Students C. Education in Japan D. The pressures of a Student in Japan - LONDON (Reuters) Organic fruit, delivered right to the doorstep. That is what Gabriel Gold prefers, and he is willing to pay for it. If this is not possible, the 26-year-old computer technician will spend the extra money at the supermarket to buy organic food. "Organic produce is always better," Gold said. "The food is free of pesticides (农药), and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally (本地) grown and seasonal, so it is more tasty." Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business. But how many shoppers really know what they are getting, and why are they willing to pay a higher price for organic produce? Market research shows that Gold and others who b uy organic food can generally give clear reasons for their preferences - but their knowledge of organic food is far from complete. For example, small amounts of pesticides can be used on organic products. And about three quarters of organic food in Britain is not local but imported (进口) to meet growing demand. "The demand for organic food is increasing by about one third every year, so it is a very fast-growing market," said Sue Flock, a specialist in this line of business. 60. More and more people in Britain are buying organic food because_.（查细节） A. they are getting richer B. they can get the food anywhere C. they consider the food free of pollution D. they like home-grown fruit 61. Which of the following statements is true to the facts about most organic produce sold in Britain? A. It grows indoors all year round. B. It is produced outside Britain. C. It is grown on family farms. D. It is produced on large farms. 62. What is the meaning of "the organic trend"as the words are used in the text? （解释词义） A. growing interest in organic food B. better quality of organic food C. rising market for organic food D. higher prices of organic food 63. What is the best title for this news story? (文章的中心思想) A. Organic food healthy, or just for the wealthy? B. The making of organic food in Britain C. Organic food to import or not? D. Good qualities of organic food 第三篇 Centers 中心 of the Great European 欧洲的 Cities The centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition．People gather there to drink coffee and chat late into the night．A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting， metropolitan(大都市的)atmosphere．Squares，plazas(广场)and arcades(拱廊)form the heart of Europe’ s cities． Venice、in Italy has the Piazza San Marco — a beautiful square surrounded by shops， churches，restaurants and cafes。In Barcelona，Spain，La Becquerel is a lively market with hundreds