2.Community composition群落的组成 16
16 2. Community composition 群落的组成
2.1 Analyzing the properties of components in community:species-area curve (minimal area method) plant ecologists often used the species-area curve to estimate the minimum size of a quadrat()necessary to adequately characterize a community.This is done by plotting the curve (usually on arithmetic axes,not log-log or semilog axes),and estimating the area after which using larger quadrats results in the addition of only a few more species.This is called the minimal area. Estimation of the minimal area from the curve is necessarily subjective,so some authors prefer to define minimal area as the area enclosing at least 95 percent (or some other large proportion)of the total species found. Communities with greater species richness (the number of different species,物种丰富度)have the, larger species minimal area
17 2.1 Analyzing the properties of components in community: species-area curve (minimal area method) • plant ecologists often used the species-area curve to estimate the minimum size of a quadrat (斑块) necessary to adequately characterize a community. This is done by plotting the curve (usually on arithmetic axes, not log-log or semilog axes), and estimating the area after which using larger quadrats results in the addition of only a few more species. This is called the minimal area. • Estimation of the minimal area from the curve is necessarily subjective, so some authors prefer to define minimal area as the area enclosing at least 95 percent (or some other large proportion) of the total species found. • Communities with greater species richness (the number of different species，物种丰富度) have the larger species minimal area
Species-area Relationship on Arithmetic Axes 35 30 25 20 15 10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Area in m2) 18
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·种类组成的调查方法 通常，采用最小面积法来统计一个群落或一个地 区的生物种类名录。最小面积指能包括组 成群落的大多数物种（⑨5%）的面积。 现以植物群落为例来具体阐述。 通过绘制种一面积曲线来确定最小面积的大小。 下仁青植务酒：盛增 具体作法是： 定程度时，曲线则有明显变缓的趋势，通常把曲线陡 度开始变缓处所对应的面积，作为最小面积。 样方面积 组成群落的种类越丰富，其最小面积越大。如我国云南西双版纳 19 的热带雨林，最小面积为2500M2
19 • 种类组成的调查方法 通常，采用最小面积法来统计一个群落或一个地 区的生物种类名录。最小面积指能包括组 成群落的大多数物种(95%)的面积。 现以植物群落为例来具体阐述。 通过绘制种—面积曲线来确定最小面积的大小。 具体作法是：逐渐扩大样地面积，随着样地面积的增 大，样地内植物的种数也在增加，但当物种增加到一 定程度时，曲线则有明显变缓的趋势，通常把曲线陡 度开始变缓处所对应的面积，作为最小面积。 样方面积 物种数 组成群落的种类越丰富，其最小面积越大。如我国云南西双版纳 的热带雨林，最小面积为2500M 2
Communities with greater species richness have the larger species minimal area. •组成群落的物种越丰富，群落的最小面积越大 中国常用标准（最小面积m2) ·热带雨林2500-4000 ·南亚热带森林900-1200 ·长绿阔叶林400-800 ·温带落叶阔叶林200-400 ·针阔混交林200-400 ·东北针叶林200-400 ·灌丛幼年林100-200 ·高草群落25-100 ·中草群落25-40 ·低草群落1-2 20
20 中国常用标准（最小面积m 2 ） • 热带雨林 2500-4000 • 南亚热带森林 900-1200 • 长绿阔叶林 400-800 • 温带落叶阔叶林 200-400 • 针阔混交林 200-400 • 东北针叶林 200-400 • 灌丛幼年林 100-200 • 高草群落 25-100 • 中草群落 25-40 • 低草群落 1-2 •组成群落的物种越丰富，群落的最小面积越大 Communities with greater species richness have the larger species minimal area