3.学习者的参与与语言熟练程度的提高关系极大 Learner participation in class is related significantly to improvements in language proficiency
3. 学习者的参与与语言熟练程度的提高关系极大 ◼ Learner participation in class is related significantly to improvements in language proficiency
4基本上以“交际”为导向的课堂教学，但同 时也有明确的语法讲解，要比只注重语法教学 或回避语法讲解的沉浸式教学都更好 Classrooms that were basically "communicative"for explicit grammatical instruction,were superior to both traditional classrooms that focused heavily on grammar,and to immersion programs that eschewed explicit grammatical instruction
4. 基本上以“交际”为导向的课堂教学，但同 时也有明确的语法讲解，要比只注重语法教学 或回避语法讲解的沉浸式教学都更好 ◼ Classrooms that were basically “communicative”for explicit grammatical instruction, were superior to both traditional classrooms that focused heavily on grammar, and to immersion programs that eschewed explicit grammatical instruction
5当学习者积极地参与用目的语进行交际的尝试 时，语言也被掌握了。当学习者所进行的任务使 他们当前的语言能力发挥至极点时，习得也扩展 到最佳程度 Language is acquired as learners actively engaged in attempting to communicate in the target language. Acquisition will be maximized when learners engage in tasks that“push” them to the limits of their current competence
5. 当学习者积极地参与用目的语进行交际的尝试 时，语言也被掌握了。当学习者所进行的任务使 他们当前的语言能力发挥至极点时，习得也扩展 到最佳程度 ◼ Language is acquired as learners actively engaged in attempting to communicate in the target language. Acquisition will be maximized when learners engage in tasks that “push” them to the limits of their current competence
Four conditions of language learning ■ Exposure(rich,comprehensible input, language in use) Use of the language to do things, exchange meanings) Motivation to process and use the exposure:listen read the language;speak and write it) Instruction chances to focus on form
Four conditions of language learning ◼ Exposure ( rich, comprehensible input, language in use) ◼ Use ( of the language to do things, exchange meanings) ◼ Motivation ( to process and use the exposure: listen & read the language; speak and write it) ◼ Instruction ( chances to focus on form )
II.What is Task-Based Language Teaching ■Focuses on the construction, sequencing,and evaluation of particular goal-related 】action complexes that learners carry out either by themselves (see Prabhu's model 1987)or jointly (see Kumaravadivelu 1993) (Candlin Murphy 1987;Nunan 1989)
Ⅱ. What is Task-Based Language Teaching ◼ Focuses on the construction, sequencing, and evaluation of particular goal-related action complexes that learners carry out either by themselves (see Prabhu’s model 1987) or jointly (see Kumaravadivelu 1993) ◼ (Candlin & Murphy 1987; Nunan 1989)