四.临床病理联系 Clinicopathologic correlations ●肾炎综合征( nephritic syndrome) 临床特征:少尿、血尿、氮质血症、高血压 oliguria, edema, hematuria, azotemia, hypertension and proteinuria ●肾病综合征( nephrotic syndrome) 临床特征:蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、全身水肿、 高脂血症和脂质尿 heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, severe edema, hyperlipidemia, and lipiduria
四. 临床病理联系 Clinicopathologic correlations ●肾炎综合征（nephritic syndrome） 临床特征：少尿、血尿、氮质血症、高血压 oliguria, edema, hematuria, azotemia, hypertension and proteinuria ●肾病综合征（nephrotic syndrome） 临床特征：蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、全身水肿、 高脂血症和脂质尿 heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, severe edema, hyperlipidemia, and lipiduria
五.肾炎的分类 The classification of gn ETiological classifications --- most are unknown clinical classification - acute and chronic not go OPathological classification(WHO)---better
五. 肾炎的分类 ●Etiological classifications ---- most are unknown ● clinical classification --- acute and chronic ---not good ●Pathological classification (WHO) --- better The classification of GN
Pathological classification Primary glomerulonephritis (GN Acute diffuse proliferative gn Crescentic GN Membranous gn Lipoid nephrosis( minimal change disease) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis Membranoproliferative gn IgA nephropathy Chronic gn
Pathological classification Primary glomerulonephritis (GN) Acute diffuse proliferative GN Crescentic GN Membranous GN Lipoid nephrosis ( minimal change disease) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis Membranoproliferative GN IgA nephropathy Chronic GN
Secondary gN Systemic lupus erythematosus Diabetes mellitus Amyloidosis Goodpasture syndrme Polyarteritis nodosa Wegener granulomatosis Henoch-Schonlein purpura Bacterial endocarditis Hereditary nephritis Interstitial nephritis
Secondary GN Systemic lupus erythematosus Diabetes mellitus Amyloidosis Goodpasture syndrme Polyarteritis nodosa Wegener granulomatosis Henoch-Schonlein purpura Bacterial endocarditis Hereditary nephritis Interstitial nephritis ……
A. Intraduction of common GN nephritic syndrome 急性弥漫性增生性肾炎 (Acute diffuse proliferative GN) 又名:毛细血管内增生性肾炎 (endocapillary proliferative GN 急性链球菌感染后肾炎 (Acute poststreptococcal GN, APGN)
1．急性弥漫性增生性肾炎 (Acute diffuse proliferative GN) 又名：毛细血管内增生性肾炎 （endocapillary proliferative GN） 急性链球菌感染后肾炎 (Acute poststreptococcal GN，APGN） 六.Intraduction of common GN nephritic syndrome