There are many concepts that are used in fuzzy sets that sometimes become useful when studying fuzzy control. The following problems introduce some of the more popular fuzzy set concepts that not treate were not treated earlier in the chapter. (a)The\support\ of a fuzzy set with membership function (x) is the(crisp) set of all points x on the universe of discourse such

In this problem we will study the effects of adding rules to the rule- base. Suppose that we use seven triangular membership functions on each universe of discourse and make them uniformly distributed in the same manner as how we did in Exercise 2.3. In particular make the points at which the outermost input membership functions for e saturate at +r/2 and for e at tr/4 For u make the outermost ones have their peaks

this problem you will study how to represent various concepts and quantify various relations with membership functions when there is more than one universe of discourse. Use minimum to quantify the\and.\For each part below, there is more than one correct answer. Provide one of these and justify your choice in each case. Also, in each case draw the three-dimensional

problem you will study how to represent various concepts and quantify various relations with membership functions. For each part below, there is more than one correct answer. Provide one of these and justify your choice in each case. (a)Draw a membership function (and hence define a fuzzy set) that quantifies the set of all people of medium height

Exercise 2.3(Inverted Pendulum: Gaussian Membership Functions): Suppose that for the inverted pendulum example, we use Gaussian membership functions as defined in Table 2. 4 on page 53 rather than the triangular membership functions. To do this, use the same center values as we had for the triangular membership functions, use the\left\and\right\membership functions shown in Table 2. 4 for the outer edges of the input

模拟调制技术在20世纪曾有较大应用,如军事通信、短波通信、微波中继、模拟移动通信、模拟调 频广播和模拟调幅广播等。虽然现在通信的发展趋势为数字化,但不能完全代替模拟技术,而且模拟技术 是通信理论的基础

数字通信系统较模拟通信系统有很多优越性所以得到飞速发展。数字通信系统有两 种传输方式:基带传输和频带传输(调制传输)目前,虽然在实际的数字通信系统中基 带传输不如频带传输那样广泛,但对基带传输的研究仍然具有十分重要的意义:

通信:传输与交换消息的过程。 电通信:用电信号携带所要传递的消息,然后经过各种电信道进行传输与交换,以 达到通信的目的。 通信系统:为完成通信任务所需的一切技术设备和传输媒质所构成的总体。 本课程讨论信息的传输、交换及通信网的基本原理,但侧重点是信息传输原理

信道是通信系统必不可少的组成部分,它是信号的传输媒质,可分为有线信道和无 线信道两类。有线信道包括明线、对称电缆、同轴电缆及光缆等;无线信道有地波传 播、短波电离层反射、超短波或微波视距中继、人造卫星中继以及各种散射通信等。信 道的这种分类是直观的,称之为狭义信道;若把信道的范围扩大,除传输媒质外,还可 以包括有关的变换装置(如:收发送设备、调制/解调器、馈线与天线等),这种扩大范围 的信道称之为广义信道

实际通信系统中由信源发出的信息是随机的,或者说是不可预知的,因而携带信息 的信号也是随机的,这种具有随机性的信号,称为随机信号。 携带了信息的信号在传输过程中将受到噪声的污染,而噪声也是随机的,称为随机 噪声