1. 晶格周期性的描述 — 原胞和基矢晶格的共同特点是具有周期性，可以用原胞和基矢来描述

1. 简单立方晶格 原子球在一个平面内呈现为正方排列，如图 XCH001_001_00 所示。 这样的原子层叠加起来得到简单立方格子，如图 XCH001_001 所示。用原点表示原子的位置，即得 到其相应的晶格结构，如图 XCH001_002 所示

Electrical Engineering Textbook Series Richard C. Dorf, Series Editor University of California, Davis Forthcoming Titles Applied Vector Analysis Matiur Rahman and Issac Mulolani Optimal Control Systems Subbaram Naidu Continuous Signals and Systems with MATLAB Taan ElAli and Mohammad A. Karim

[1] Abramowitz, M., and Stegun, I., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Dover Pub￾lications, New York, 1965. [2] Adair, R., Concepts in Physics, Academic Press, New York, 1969. [3] Anderson, J., and Ryon, J., Electromagnetic Radiation in Accelerated Systems, Physical Review, vol. 181, no. 5, pp. 1765–1775, May 1969

One of the most powerful tools for the analysis of electromagnetics problems is the integral solution to Maxwell’s equations formulated by Stratton and Chu [187, 188]. These authors used the vector Green’s theorem to solve for E˜ and H˜ in much the same way as is done in static fields with the scalar Green’s theorem. An alternative approach is to use the Lorentz reciprocity theorem of § 4.10.2, as done by Fradin [74]. The reciprocity

5.1 Spatial symmetry decompositions Spatial symmetry can often be exploited to solve electromagnetics problems. For analytic solutions, symmetry can be used to reduce the number of boundary conditions that must be applied. For computer solutions the storage requirements can be reduced

4.1 Interpretation of the temporal transform When a field is represented by a continuous superposition of elemental components, the resulting decomposition can simplify computation and provide physical insight. Such rep￾resentation is usually accomplished through the use of an integral transform. Although

The static electromagnetic field 3.1 Static fields and steady currents Perhaps the most carefully studied area of electromagnetics is that in which the fields are time-invariant. This area, known generally as statics, offers (1)the most direct op￾portunities for solution of the governing equations, and (2)the clearest physical pictures

2.1 The postulate In 1864, James Clerk Maxwell proposed one of the most successful theories in the history of science. In a famous memoir to the Royal Society [125] he presented nine equations summarizing all known laws on electricity and magnetism. This was more than a mere cataloging of the laws of nature. By postulating the need for an additional term to make the set of equations self-consistent

1.1 Notation, conventions, and symbology Any book that covers a broad range of topics will likely harbor some problems with notation and symbology. This results from having the same symbol used in different areas to represent different quantities, and also from having too many quantities to represent