EXPLANATION1.Definition of SupplyChain Management.A set of approached utilized to efficiently integrate suppliers, manufacturers,warehoused,and stores, so that merchandise is produced and distributed at the rightquantities, to the right locations, and at the right time, in orderto minimizesystemwide costs while satisfying service level requirements.2.Definition of logistics managementThe process of planning, implementing andcontrolling the efficient, cost effective flow and storage of raw materials, in-processinventory,finished goods, and related information from point-of-origin topoint-of-consumption forthe purpose of conforming to customer requirements.3.Definition of customer service:The ability of a retailer to meet a customer's demand from stock.4.What is the bullwhip effect?It is the increase in variability in the supply chain.5.What is the reorder point?The point when the inventory position at a facility is less than a given number.6.What is the order-up-to-level?The point when the facility raises its inventory level up to a given target level7.What is referred to as an echelon?In a distribution system, each stage or level (i.e., the warehouse or the retailers) isoften referred to as an echelon.8. Cross-dockingCross-docking is a strategy that Wal-Mart made famous. In this system, warehousesfunction as inventory coordination pointsratherthan as inventory storagepoints.Intypical cross-docking systems, goods arrive at warehouses from the manufacturer, aretransferred to vehicles serving the retailers, and are delivered to the retailers as rapidlyas possible.9. transshipmentBy transshipment, we mean the shipment of items betweendifferent facilities at thesamelevelinthesupplychaintomeetsomeimmediateneed10.Direct shipment strategyInthis strategy,itemsareshippeddirectlyfromthesuppliertotheretail storeswithoutgoingthrough distribution centers.11.order winner:the characteristic ofaproductor servicethat wins orders inthemarketplace
EXPLANATION 1. Definition of Supply Chain Management. A set of approached utilized to efficiently integrate suppliers, manufacturers, warehoused, and stores, so that merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time, in order to minimize systemwide costs while satisfying service level requirements. 2.Definition of logistics managementThe process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow and storage of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods, and related information from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements. 3.Definition of customer service: The ability of a retailer to meet a customer’s demand from stock. 4.What is the bullwhip effect? It is the increase in variability in the supply chain. 5.What is the reorder point? The point when the inventory position at a facility is less than a given number. 6.What is the order-up-to-level? The point when the facility raises its inventory level up to a given target level. 7.What is referred to as an echelon? In a distribution system, each stage or level (i.e., the warehouse or the retailers) is often referred to as an echelon. 8. Cross-docking Cross-docking is a strategy that Wal-Mart made famous. In this system, warehouses function as inventory coordination points rather than as inventory storage points. In typical cross-docking systems, goods arrive at warehouses from the manufacturer, are transferred to vehicles serving the retailers, and are delivered to the retailers as rapidly as possible. 9. transshipment By transshipment, we mean the shipment of items between different facilities at the same level in the supply chain to meet some immediate need. 10.Direct shipment strategy In this strategy, items are shipped directly from the supplier to the retail stores without going through distribution centers. 11.order winner:the characteristic of a product or service that wins orders in the marketplace
12.Flexibility: in operations, the ability to adjust to changes in product mix,production volume, or product and process design.13.QFD:quality function deployment: a structured process that translates the voice ofthecustomerintotechnicaldesignrequirements14. lean production: a term used to describe JIT and the Toyota production system.15.cellular layout:a layout that groups dissimilar machines into cells that processpartswithsimilarshapesorprocessingrequirements.16.MRP:material requirements planning: a computerized inventory control andproduction planning system for generating purchase orders and work orders ofmaterials, components, and assemblies.17.pull system:a production system in which items are manufactured according to aschedule prepared in advance.18. PERT: project evaluation and review technique: a project scheduling technique inwhich activities are shown as a network of precedence relationships, traditionallyusingprobabilistic time estimates and activity-on-arrow network construction19.MRP-II :manufacturing resource planning: an extension of MRP, plans all theresourcesneededforrunningabusiness20.CPM: critical path method: in CPM activities are shown as a network ofprecedence relationships using activity-on-node network construction21.Fully integrated global supply chainProducts are supplied, manufactured, and distributed fromvarious facilities located throughout theworld.22.Offshore manufacturingProduct is typically sourced and manufactured in a single foreign location;Shipped back todomestic warehouses forsaleand distribution23.International distribution systemsManufacturing still occurs domestically, but distribution and typically some marketing take placeoverseas24.Amodular productA modular product is a product assembled from a variety of modules such that for eachmodule,there are anumber of options.25.a modular processA modular process is a manufacturing process consisting of discrete operations,so thatinventorycanbestored inpartiallymanufacturedfrombetween operations.26.part standardizationInpart standardization,commonpartsareusedacrossmanyproducts27.process standardizationProcess standardization involves standardizing as much of the process as possible for differentproducts and then customizing the products as late as possible.28.postponement or delayed product differentiation
12.Flexibility: in operations, the ability to adjust to changes in product mix, production volume, or product and process design. 13.QFD:quality function deployment: a structured process that translates the voice of the customer into technical design requirements. 14. lean production: a term used to describe JIT and the Toyota production system. 15.cellular layout:a layout that groups dissimilar machines into cells that process parts with similar shapes or processing requirements. 16.MRP:material requirements planning: a computerized inventory control and production planning system for generating purchase orders and work orders of materials, components, and assemblies. 17.pull system:a production system in which items are manufactured according to a schedule prepared in advance. 18．PERT: project evaluation and review technique: a project scheduling technique in which activities are shown as a network of precedence relationships, traditionally using probabilistic time estimates and activity-on-arrow network construction. 19.MRP -Ⅱ: manufacturing resource planning: an extension of MRP, plans all the resources needed for running a business. 20.CPM: critical path method: in CPM activities are shown as a network of precedence relationships using activity-on-node network construction. 21.Fully integrated global supply chain Products are supplied, manufactured, and distributed from various facilities located throughout the world. 22.Offshore manufacturing Product is typically sourced and manufactured in a single foreign location;Shipped back to domestic warehouses for sale and distribution. 23.International distribution systems Manufacturing still occurs domestically, but distribution and typically some marketing take place overseas. 24.A modular product A modular product is a product assembled from a variety of modules such that ,for each module,there are a number of options. 25.a modular process A modular process is a manufacturing process consisting of discrete operations,so that inventory can be stored in partially manufactured from between operations. 26.part standardization In part standardization ,common parts are used across many products. 27.process standardization Process standardization involves standardizing as much of the process as possible for different products and then customizing the products as late as possible. 28.postponement or delayed product differentiation
The manufacturing process starts by making a generic or family product that is later differentiatedinto a specific end-product.29.Re-sequencethemanufacturingprocessRe-sequencing refers to modifying the order of product manufacturing steps so that thoseoperations thatresult in thedifferentiationof specific items or products are postponed as muchaspossible.30.downward substitutionIn product standardization ,a large variety of products may be offered,but only a few kept ininventory When a product not kept in stock is ordered ,the order may be filled by a product thatoffers a super-set of the features required by customer.This process,known as downwardsubstitution.31.abookshelfoftechnologiesandsuppliersThis involves monitoring the development of relevant new technologies and following thesuppliers that have demonstrated expertise in these technologies.Then ,when appropriate,a buyerfirm can quickly introduce these technologies into new products by integrating the supplier designteam with its own.chapter21222324252628293627352341010
The manufacturing process starts by making a generic or family product that is later differentiated into a specific end-product. 29.Re-sequence the manufacturing process Re-sequencing refers to modifying the order of product manufacturing steps so that those operations that result in the differentiation of specific items or products are postponed as much as possible. 30.downward substitution In product standardization ,a large variety of products may be offered,but only a few kept in inventory.When a product not kept in stock is ordered ,the order may be filled by a product that offers a super-set of the features required by customer.This process,known as downward substitution. 31.a bookshelf of technologies and suppliers This involves monitoring the development of relevant new technologies and following the suppliers that have demonstrated expertise in these technologies.Then ,when appropriate,a buyer firm can quickly introduce these technologies into new products by integrating the supplier design team with its own. chapter 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Give out thefull name ofthe following abbreviationsDFM (design for manufacture)1)2)CIM (computerintegrated manufacturing)3)SCM (supply chain management)4)TQM (total quality management)5)CNC (computer numerical controlled)6)WBS(work breakdown structure）7)FMS (flexible manufacturing system)8)CAD (computer-aided design)MRP-II(ManufacturingResourcesPlanning)9)10) OM (operations management)11)BOM (bill ofmaterial)12)QR(Quick response)13)ECR(Efficientconsumerresponse)14) LT(lead time)15) CD(cross-docking)16) DI(distributor integration)17) RSP(Retailer-supplier Partnerships)18)CM(category management)19) EDI(electronic data interchange)20)EOS(Electronic Ordering System)21) VMI(vendor-managed inventory)22) DSS(decision-support system)23)ERP(enterpriserecourseplanning)24)MRP (material requirementplanning)25) 3PL(third-party logistics)26) HR(human resource)27)E0Q:EconomicOrderQuantity28)BPR:Business Process Reengineering29)PD:Physical Distribution30)TL:Truck LoadCHAPTERS1234156178910121314252627282930511.1171202122232410814708018673413
Give out the full name of the following abbreviations 1) DFM（design for manufacture） 2) CIM（computer integrated manufacturing） 3) SCM（supply chain management） 4) TQM（total quality management） 5) CNC（computer numerical controlled） 6) WBS（work breakdown structure） 7) FMS（flexible manufacturing system） 8) CAD（computer-aided design） 9) MRP -Ⅱ(Manufacturing Resources Planning ) 10) OM（operations management） 11) BOM（bill of material） 12) QR（Quick response） 13) ECR(Efficient consumer response) 14) LT(lead time) 15) CD(cross-docking) 16) DI(distributor integration) 17) RSP(Retailer-supplier Partnerships) 18) CM(category management ) 19) EDI(electronic data interchange) 20) EOS(Electronic Ordering System) 21) VMI(vendor-managed inventory) 22) DSS(decision-support system) 23) ERP(enterprise recourse planning ) 24) MRP (material requirement planning) 25) 3PL(third-party logistics) 26) HR(human resource) 27) EOQ：Economic Order Quantity 28) BPR：Business Process Reengineering 29) PD：Physical Distribution 30) TL：Truck Load CHAPTERS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 8 1 1 7 1 10 1 8 10 1 10 4 4 5 5 5 6 4 10 4 4 10 10 8 6 7 3 4 1 3
Translate the following vocabularvinto Chinese.SCM:供应链管理1. 2.TQM：全面质量管理3.FMS：柔性制造系统4.CAD：计算机辅助设计5.MRP-IⅡI：制造资源计划OM：运营管理6.7.BOM：物料清单QR：快速响应8.ECR：有效客户响应9.10.LT：提前期11.CD：直接转运12.DI：经销商一体化13.RSP：零售商一一供应商伙伴关系14.CM：品类管理15.EDI：电子数据交换16.EOS：电子订货系统供应商管理库存17.VMI:118.DSS：决策支持系统19.ERP：企业资源计划20.MRP：物料需求计划21.3PL：第三方物流22.mileage：里程23.warehousecapacities：仓库容量24.simulationmodels：仿真模型25.optimizationtechniques：优化技术26.inventory：库存27.economic lot size：经济批量需求不确定性的影响28.theeffectofdemanduncertainty:29.centralized system：集中型系统30.decentralized system：分散型系统31.bullwhipeffect：牛鞭效应32.transshipment：转运33.strategic alliances：战略联盟34.inventoryownership：库存所有权35.Concurrentprocessing：并行工艺36.parallelprocessing：平行工艺37.Postponementdifferentiation：延迟差异38.delayeddifferentiation：延迟差异39.resequencing：重新排序40.commonality：通用化41.modularity：模块化
Translate the following vocabulary into Chinese. 1. SCM:供应链管理 2. TQM：全面质量管理 3. FMS：柔性制造系统 4. CAD：计算机辅助设计 5. MRP -Ⅱ：制造资源计划 6. OM：运营管理 7. BOM：物料清单 8. QR：快速响应 9. ECR：有效客户响应 10. LT：提前期 11. CD：直接转运 12. DI：经销商一体化 13. RSP：零售商——供应商伙伴关系 14. CM：品类管理 15. EDI：电子数据交换 16. EOS：电子订货系统 17. VMI：供应商管理库存 18. DSS：决策支持系统 19. ERP：企业资源计划 20. MRP ：物料需求计划 21. 3PL：第三方物流 22. mileage：里程 23. warehouse capacities：仓库容量 24. simulation models： 仿真模型 25. optimization techniques：优化技术 26. inventory：库存 27. economic lot size：经济批量 28. the effect of demand uncertainty：需求不确定性的影响 29. centralized system：集中型系统 30. decentralized system：分散型系统 31. bullwhip effect：牛鞭效应 32. transshipment：转运 33. strategic alliances：战略联盟 34. inventory ownership：库存所有权 35. Concurrent processing：并行工艺 36. parallel processing：平行工艺 37. Postponement differentiation：延迟差异 38. delayed differentiation：延迟差异 39. resequencing：重新排序 40. commonality：通用化 41. modularity：模块化