Chapter 6. The property of Water and vapor (第6章,水和水蒸气的性质) 461 Basic conceptions(基本概念) 462 Phase change Process of Pure Substance(纯质的 相变过程) 463 Property tables(水蒸气性质表) 4 6.4 h-s diagrams for Water Vapor (水蒸气的h-s图) 4 6.5 Thermodynamic Processes of Water Vapor (水蒸气的热力过程)
Chapter 6. The property of Water and Vapor (第6章. 水和水蒸气的性质) 6.1 Basic conceptions (基本概念) 6.2 Phase change Process of Pure Substance (纯质的 相变过程) 6.3 Property Tables (水蒸气性质表) 6.4 h-s diagrams for Water Vapor (水蒸气的h-s图) 6.5 Thermodynamic Processes of Water Vapor (水蒸气的热力过程)
水和水蒸气是实际气体的代表 水蒸气」在空气中含量极小,当作理想气体 一般情况下,为实际气体,使用图表 18世纪,蒸气机的发明,是唯一工质 直到内燃机发明,才有燃气工质 目前仍是火力发电、核电、供暖、化工的工质 优点:便宜,易得,无毒, 膨胀性能好,传热性能好 是其它实际气体的代表
水和水蒸气是实际气体的代表 水蒸气 在空气中含量极小，当作理想气体 一般情况下，为实际气体，使用图表 18世纪，蒸气机的发明，是唯一工质 直到内燃机发明，才有燃气工质 目前仍是火力发电、核电、供暖、化工的工质 优点: 便宜，易得，无毒， 膨胀性能好，传热性能好 是其它实际气体的代表
§6-1纯物质的热力学面及相图 Pure substance Solid Liquid Gas 物质三种聚集状态: 固态、液态、气态 水的三态:冰、水、蒸汽 ce Water Steam
§ 6-1 纯物质的热力学面及相图 物质三种聚集状态： 固态、 液态、 气态 水的三态：冰、 水、 蒸汽 Pure substance Solid Liquid Gas Ice Water Steam
Phase changes(相变) 任何一种物质都可以经历下列所述的相变 Any kind of substance may undergo various types of phase changes as following ◆溶解( Fusion/ melting)= solid to liquid ◆凝固( Freezing)= liquid to solid 气化( Vaporization)= liquid to gas 凝结( Condensation)= gas to liquid ◆升华( Sublimation)= solid to gas
任何一种物质都可以经历下列所述的相变. Any kind of substance may undergo various types of phase changes as following : 溶解(Fusion/melting) = solid to liquid 凝固(Freezing) = liquid to solid 气化(Vaporization)= liquid to gas 凝结(Condensation)= gas to liquid 升华(Sublimation) = solid to gas Phase changes (相变):
The sublimation line separates the solid and vapor regions The vaporization line separates the liquid and vapor regions it ends at the critical point. The elting li。 separates the solid and liquid regions The three lines meet at the triple point. Triple point(三相点):l! three phases coexist in equilibriun (三种相态以平衡共存) Critical point(临界点): The point at which the saturated liquid and saturated vapor states are identical No distinction can be made between liquid and vapor phases above the critical poin (临界点就是气相与液相一致的状态点温度高于临界 点之上,气相与液相没有明显的区别
The sublimation line separates the solid and vapor regions; The vaporization line separates the liquid and vapor regions; it ends at the critical point. The melting line separates the solid and liquid regions; The three lines meet at the triple point. Triple point(三相点）：all three phases coexist in equilibrium. (三种相态以平衡共存) Critical point (临界点): The point at which the saturated liquid and saturated vapor states are identical. No distinction can be made between liquid and vapor phases above the critical point. (临界点就是气相与液相一致的状态点,温度高于临界 点之上,气相与液相没有明显的区别)