第八节情态动词和虚拟语气 第一部分六年高考题荟萃 2011年高考题 1(2011全国卷32) have arrived at lunchtime but the ir flight was de layed A will B can C. must Dshould 答案D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”他们本该午饭时到达,但他们的航班推迟了。" will have done将来可 以完成: can have done可能做过…吗?表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句: must have done一定做 过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测: should have done本来应该做某事,而实际没做。 but their flight was de layed这样的结果,说明他们本来该到达却没有到达,因此选D 2(2011全国卷II,8) If you smoke please go outside A can B. should C. must D. may 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽。"must(表示主张)一定要,坚持要 根据后一句 please go outside的要求,选C。 3.(2011北京卷24) --i don t really like James. Why did you invite him? Dont worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were A. must not B need not C would not D. might not 答案D 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一我真不喜欢 James。你为何请了他?一一别担心。他可能来不了。 他说他的计划还没安排好。"题干中的 he wasn t certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定 might not。选D 4.(2011北京卷,28) - -Where are the children? The dinner' s going to be completely ruined --I wish they A. weren'tB. hadnt been c wouldn t be d. wouldn t have been 答案A
第八节 情态动词和虚拟语气 第一部分 六年高考题荟萃 2011 年高考题 1.(2011 全国卷,32) They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A.will B.can C.must D.should 答案 D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“他们本该午饭时到达,但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done 将来可 以完成;can have done 可能做过……吗?表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句;must have done 一定做 过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测;should have done 本来应该做某事,而实际没做。but their flight was delayed 这样的结果,说明他们本来该到达却没有到达,因此选 D。 2.(2011 全国卷 II,8) If you ______ smoke, please go outside. A. can B. should C. must D. may 答案 C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要,坚持要。 根据后一句 please go outside 的要求,选 C。 3.(2011 北京卷,24) ——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him ? ——Don’t worry. He ______ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not 答案 D 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——我真不喜欢 James。你为何请了他?——别担心。他可能来不了。 他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的 he wasn’t certain 说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定 might not。选 D。 4.(2011 北京卷,28) ——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. ——I wish they ______ always late. A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been 答案 A
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”一一孩子们哪儿去了?这顿饭快要吃不起来了。一一我但愿他们不要老 是迟到。"wish引出虚拟语气,题干中出现 always,从句虚拟使用一般过去时。 选A 5.(2011北京卷,30) science, and not literature then i would be able to give you more help A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 答案C 解析:考査虚拟语气的用法。句意为"或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科,现在就能给你更多的帮助。"then 表示过去的时间,迁引导的从句是对过去的虚拟,因此使用过去完成时。选C。 6.(2011天津卷,15) I sooner but i didnt know that they were waiting for me. A had come B was com ing C would come D would have come 答案D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”我本来可以早点来,但我真不知道他们在等我。" but i didn 't know表 示了过去时间,因此前句是对过去的虚拟,用主语+ should/woud/ could/mght+ have done表达 故选D 7.(2011上海春招,27) Some young people these days just go out of their homes to contact the real world A. mustn'tB wont C. mightn 't D. shouldnt 答案B 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。" mustnt禁止, 不允许;wont不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主观性: mightn't可能不; shouldn t不应该。根据句意选B 8.(2011江苏卷,34) I left my handbag on the train but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. -How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C should have stolen D. must have stolen 答案 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”一一我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是,有人拾到交给了铁路 部门。一一失而复得,简直难以置信!我是说,本来可能有人会偷了去。" will have done将来可以完成, must have done一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测,都与题意不符。 should have done本来应
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了?这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老 是迟到。”wish 引出虚拟语气,题干中出现 always,从句虚拟使用一般过去时。 选 A。 5.(2011 北京卷,30) Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 答案 C 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科,现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then 表示过去的时间,if 引导的从句是对过去的虚拟,因此使用过去完成时。选 C。 6.(2011 天津卷,15) I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 答案 D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我本来可以早点来,但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know 表 示了过去时间,因此前句是对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达, 故选 D。 7.(2011 上海春招,27) Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustn’t B. won’t C. mightn’t D. shouldn’t 答案 B 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t 禁止, 不允许;won’t 不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主观性;mightn’t 可能不;shouldn’t 不应该。根据句意选 B。 8.(2011 江苏卷,34) ——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. ——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 答案 B 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是,有人拾到交给了铁路 部门。——失而复得,简直难以置信!我是说,本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done 将来可以完成, must have done 一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测,都与题意不符。should have done 本来应
该做某事,而实际没做,这就意味着希望有人偷包。 might have stolen过去可能做过,语气比较婉转或不 肯定,根据句意选B。 9.(2011福建卷,25) --Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? -I am afraid you in case he comes late for the meeting A will B must C. may Dcan 答案B 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗?一一恐怕你得这样做,以防他开 会迟到。"must(表示必要、命令或强制)必须得。根据后半句,选B 10.(2011福建卷,34) Pity you m issed the lecture on nuclear pollution it but I was busy preparing for a job interview A attended B had attended c would attend d would have attended 答案D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”一一真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。一一我本可以去听的,但 我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟,用主语+ should/ would/coud/ might+ have done表达,故 选D。 11.(2011安徽卷,26) What do you think of store shopping in the future? Personally i think it will exist along with home shopping but A. will never re place B C. will never be replaced d. would never be replaced 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为一一你对将来的商店购物怎么看?一一我个人认为会与在家购物并存, 但商店购物不会被取代。”根据 I think it will exist along with hom eshopping,排除虛拟的选项D,这 是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选C。 12.(2011浙江卷,11) How s your new babysitter? ask for a better one all our kids love her so much A. should B. might C. mustnt D couldnt 答案D
该做某事,而实际没做,这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过,语气比较婉转或不 肯定,根据句意选 B。 9.(2011 福建卷,25) ——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? ——I am afraid you ______, in case he comes late for the meeting . A.will B.must C.may D.can 答案 B 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗?——恐怕你得这样做,以防他开 会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句,选 B。 10.(2011 福建卷,34) ——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. ——I ______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.would have attended 答案 D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。——我本可以去听的,但 我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达,故 选 D。 11.(2011 安徽卷, 26) ——What do you think of store shopping in the future? ——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____. A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced 答案 C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你对将来的商店购物怎么看?——我个人认为会与在家购物并存, 但商店购物不会被取代。”根据 I think it will exist along with homeshopping,排除虚拟的选项 D,这 是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选 C。 12.(2011 浙江卷,11) ——How’s your new babysitter? ——We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should B.might C. mustn‘t D. couldn’t 答案 D
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一你的新保姆怎么样?一一找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢 她。" should应该; might可能,可以; mustnt禁止; couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。 13.(2011四川卷,20) The police still havent found the lost child but they ' re doing all they A can B. may C must D should 答案A 解析:考査情态动词的用法。句意为ˆ警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在做他们所能做的- 切。"can可以,能够;may可能,许可;must必须: should应该。根据句意,选A 14.(2011重庆卷,25) Why didnt you come to simon's party last night? I wanted to but my mom simply not let me out so late at night. A. could B. might C. would D. should 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一昨晚你为什么没来参加 Simon的聚会?一一我想来的,但我妈妈 就是不愿我这么晚出来。" could可以,能够,表示可能性或用于婉转语气; m ight可能,表示不确定;woud 愿意,偏要,表示意志; should应该,表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。 15.(2011陕西卷,22) through that bitter period without your generous help A. couldnt have gone B didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone 答案A 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”没有你的慷慨帮助,我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。" that bitter period表示过去的时间,对过去的虚拟语气用主语+ should/woud/coud/ might+ have done表达 故选A。 16.(2011陕西卷,2 Will you read me a story Mum my? -OK. Yo have one if you go to bed as soon as possible A. might B. must C could D. shall 答案D 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗?一一好的,如果你马上上床睡觉 的话。"shal用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等,题中是母 亲对儿子的承诺,故选D
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样?——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢 她。”should 应该;might 可能,可以;mustn‘t 禁止;couldn’t 不可能。根据句意选 D。 13.(2011 四川卷,20) The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they ______. A.can B.may C.must D.should 答案 A 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一 切。”can 可以,能够;may 可能,许可;must 必须;should 应该。根据句意,选 A。 14.(2011 重庆卷,25) ——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night? —— I wanted to ,but my mom simply ______ not let me out so late at night. A. could B. might C. would D. should 答案 C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加 Simon 的聚会?——我想来的,但我妈妈 就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could 可以,能够,表示可能性或用于婉转语气;might 可能,表示不确定;would 愿意,偏要,表示意志;should 应该,表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选 C。 15.(2011 陕西卷,22) I _____ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone 答案 A 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助,我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period 表示过去的时间,对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达, 故选 A。 16.(2011 陕西卷,24) ——Will you read me a story ,Mummy? ——OK. You ______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. A. might B. must C. could D. shall 答案 D 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗?——好的,如果你马上上床睡觉 的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等,题中是母 亲对儿子的承诺,故选 D
17.(2011湖南卷,28) No one be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball A. can B. need C. must D. might 答案A 解析:考査情态动词的用法。句意为在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。"can可以,能够:need需要:must 必须; might可能。故根据题意,选A 18(2011辽宁卷,2 go, at least wait until the storm is over. an B. may C. must D. will 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”如果你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。"can可以,能够 may可能,许可;must(表示主张)定要,坚持要;Wl将要,愿意。根据后句的劝告,选C 19.(2011江西卷23)It be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock A. mustnt B can t c won t D needn t 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”不可能是邮递员在门口,才六点钟呢。" mustnt禁止,不允许:cant 不可能:wont不愿意,就是不,偏不; neednt不需要。根据后一句中现在仅仅是六点",ony一词肯定 语气强烈,前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B 20.(2011江西卷28)We John s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury A will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为要不是因为他最近受伤,我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比 名单中。" but for是虚拟语气的提示, yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟,用主语+ should/ Woud/ could/ might+ have done表达,故选B。 2010年高考题 1.(10安徽32) Jack described his father who a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man A would be B would have been C. must be D. must have been 答案:D 考点:本题考查情态动词推测用法
17.(2011 湖南卷,28) No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. A. can B. need C. must D. might 答案 A 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can 可以,能够;need 需要;must 必须;might 可能。故根据题意,选 A。 18.(2011 辽宁卷,21) If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will 答案 C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can 可以,能够; may 可能,许可;must(表示主张)一定要,坚持要;will 将要,愿意。根据后句的劝告,选 C。 19.(2011 江西卷 23)It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock. A. mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.needn’t 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口,才六点钟呢。”mustn’t 禁止,不允许;can’t 不可能;won’t 不愿意,就是不,偏不;needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”,only 一词肯定 语气强烈,前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选 B。 20.(2011 江西卷 28)We _____ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤,我们本应该把 John 的名字加进昨天的比 赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示,yesterday 表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达,故选 B。 2010 年高考题 1. (10 安徽 32) Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong–willed man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 答案:D. 考点:本题考查情态动词推测用法