Chapter 5 5.4 Land degradation -Soil erosion ()Types of land degradation (2) Classification of soil erosion ()Climate and soil erosion (4) Soil erosion models (5 Erosion and productivity (6) Rainfall factor for soil erosion model 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/Change Impacts I of 56
Chapter 5 2021/2/22 Assessment of Climate/Change Impacts 1 of 56 5.4 Land degradation --Soil erosion (1) Types of land degradation (2) Classification of soil erosion (3) Climate and soil erosion (4) Soil erosion models (5) Erosion and productivity (6) Rainfall factor for soil erosion model
Chapter 5 Types of land degradation Desertification Soil erosion water erosion and wind erosion Salinization/alkalization Soil pollution 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/Change Impacts 2of56
Chapter 5 2021/2/22 Assessment of Climate/Change Impacts 2 of 56 (1) Types of land degradation • Desertification • Soil erosion: water erosion and wind erosion • Salinization/alkalization • Soil pollution
Chapter 5 (2) Classification of soil erosion Zachar, 1982. By erosive agents Water erosion Wind erosion Earth erosion Glacial erosion Anthropogenic/accelerated erosion Organic soil flow, snow 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/Change Impacts 3of56
Chapter 5 2021/2/22 Assessment of Climate/Change Impacts 3 of 56 (2) Classification of soil erosion Zachar, 1982. By erosive agents • Water erosion • Wind erosion • Earth erosion • Glacial erosion • Anthropogenic/accelerated erosion • Organic, soil flow, snow
Chapter 5 (2) Classification of soil erosion Zachar, 1982 By erosion form Precipitation/water erosion Surface erosion Underground erosion River erosion Lake and sea erosion Wind erosion Deflation Wind corrasion 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/Change Impacts 4of56
Chapter 5 2021/2/22 Assessment of Climate/Change Impacts 4 of 56 (2) Classification of soil erosion Zachar, 1982. By erosion form Precipitation/water erosion • Surface erosion • Underground erosion • River erosion • Lake and sea erosion Wind erosion • Deflation • Wind corrasion
Chapter 5 (2) Classification of soil erosion Precipitation/water erosion Surface erosion(American) Sheet, gully, stream/river(Ayres, 1936) Sheet, rill, gully, rock(Bennett 1939) Sheet, internal, channel(rill, gully stream)(Kohnke and Betrand, 1959) Interill, rill, ephermeral gully, gull 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/Change Impacts 5of56
Chapter 5 2021/2/22 Assessment of Climate/Change Impacts 5 of 56 (2) Classification of soil erosion Precipitation/water erosion • Surface erosion (American) ➢ Sheet, gully, stream/river (Ayres, 1936) ➢ Sheet, rill, gully, rock (Bennett, 1939) ➢ Sheet, internal, channel (rill, gully, stream) (Kohnke and Betrand, 1959) ➢ Interill, rill, ephemeral gully, gully