Chapter 2 Chap 2 Climate and Its Change Background Knowledge 2.1 Climate and climate system 2.2 Climate changes 2.3 Climate models and its applications 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts I of 71
Chapter 2 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 1 of 71 Chap. 2 Climate and Its Change --Background Knowledge 2.1 Climate and climate system 2.2 Climate changes 2.3 Climate models and its applications
Chapter 2 Chap 2 Climate and Its Change Background Knowledge 2.1 Climate and climate system 2.1.1 Understanding of climate 2.1.2 Climate system 2.1.3 Processes in climate system 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 2 of 71
Chapter 2 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 2 of 71 Chap. 2 Climate and Its Change --Background Knowledge 2.1 Climate and climate system 2.1.1 Understanding of climate 2.1.2 Climate system 2.1.3 Processes in climate system
Chapter 2 2.1.1 Understanding of Climate 古典气候学 现代气候学 研究对象 候因子 气候系统 研究内容气候状态 气候变化 研究方法描述、统计 定量、模型 观测手段地面、高空观测气象卫星 时间尺度100-104年 100-109 空间尺度局地、全球局地到全球连续 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 3 of 71
Chapter 2 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 3 of 71 2.1.1 Understanding of Climate 古典气候学 现代气候学 研究对象 气候因子 气候系统 研究内容 气候状态 气候变化 研究方法 描述、统计 定量、模型 观测手段 地面、高空观测 气象卫星 时间尺度 100 -104年 100 -109年 空间尺度 局地、全球 局地到全球连续
Chapter 2 2.1.2 Climate System 1. Definition of a system 现代汉语辞典:同类事物按一定的关系组成的 整体 物理学:各成分按某种方式合成一个整体协同 动作(质量)能量) 2. Classification of a system Isolated system Close system Open system 202 Cascade systemssment of climate/change impacts 4 of 71
Chapter 2 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 4 of 71 2.1.2 Climate System 1. Definition of a system 现代汉语辞典：同类事物按一定的关系组成的 整体。 物理学：各成分按某种方式合成一个整体协同 动作（质量/能量）。 2. Classification of a system Isolated system Close system Open system Cascade system
Chapter 2 2.1.2 Climate System 3. Definition of climate system Interactions of 5 maior components the atmosphere: greenhouse effect the hydrosphere: water cycle, heat regulator the cryosphere: high reflectivity, low thermal conductivity and inertia the land surface: radiation, thermal, hydrological dynamic the biosphere: carbon cycle, climate indicator 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 5of71
Chapter 2 2021/2/22 Assessment of climate/change impacts 5 of 71 2.1.2 Climate System 3. Definition of climate system Interactions of 5 major components • the atmosphere: greenhouse effect • the hydrosphere: water cycle, heat regulator • the cryosphere: high reflectivity, low thermal conductivity and inertia • the land surface: radiation, thermal, hydrological, dynamic • the biosphere : carbon cycle, climate indicator