PhylogenetictreeBasedontherNav1.6evolutionaryrNav1.2distancebyrNay1.1calculating therNav1.3number ofrNav1.7nucleotiderNaxchangesrNav1.4required forthe change in3nArNav1.510mscodonat eachrNav1.8positionrNav1.9Williamet al.2oo9,Voltage-GatedSodiumChannels
Phylogenetic tree William et al. 2009, Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Based on the evolutionary distance by calculating the number of nucleotide changes required for the change in codon at each position
Voltage-gated sodium channelsOfficialIUPHARHuman geneRatgeneMousegeneFamily namePhysiologicalionreceptornamenamenamenameNatNa.1.1SCN1AVoltage-GatedSodiumChannelsscn1ascn1aNatSCN2ANa.1.2scn2a1Voltage-GatedSodiumChannelsscn2a1Na*Na,1.3SCN3Ascn3aVoltage-GatedSodiumChannelsscn3aNatVoltage-GatedSodiumChannelsNa,1.4SCN4Ascn4ascn4aNatNa.1.5SCN5AVoltage-Gated SodiumChannelsscn5ascn5aNatNa,1.6SCN8Ascn8aVoltage-GatedSodiumChannelsscn8aNatSCN9AVoltage-GatedSodiumChannelsNa.1.7scn9ascn9aNatNa1.8SCN10AVoltage-GatedSodiumChannelsscn10ascn10aNatNa,1.9SCN11AVoltage-GatedSodiumChannelsscn11ascn11a
Voltage-gated sodium channels Family name Physiological ion Official IUPHAR receptor name Human gene name Rat gene name Mouse gene name Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.1 SCN1A scn1a scn1a Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.2 SCN2A scn2a1 scn2a1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.3 SCN3A scn3a scn3a Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.4 SCN4A scn4a scn4a Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.5 SCN5A scn5a scn5a Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.6 SCN8A scn8a scn8a Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.7 SCN9A scn9a scn9a Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.8 SCN10A scn10a scn10a Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Na+ Nav1.9 SCN11A scn11a scn11a
Sodiumchannel-likeproteinsCloselyrelatedsodiumchannel-likeproteinshavebeen clonedfrom mouse,rat, and human but have not yet been functionallyexpressed (Nax)Theyareapproximately50%identicaltotheNay1subfamilyofchannelsbut more than 8o%identical to eachother.They havesignificantaminosequence differences inthevoltagesensors, inactivation gate,and pore region that are critical forchannelfunction,andhavepreviouslybeenproposedasadistinctsubfamily.Theseatypical sodium channel-like proteins are expressed inheart,uterus,smooth muscle,astrocytes,and neuronsinthehypothalamusandperipheralnervoussystem(PNs)
Sodium channel-like proteins Closely related sodium channel-like proteins have been cloned from mouse, rat, and human but have not yet been functionally expressed (Na x). They are approximately 50% identical to the Na V1 subfamily of channels but more than 80% identical to each other. They have significant amino sequence differences in the voltage sensors, inactivation gate, and pore region that are critical for channel function, and have previously been proposed as a distinct subfamily. These atypical sodium channel-like proteins are expressed in heart, uterus, smooth muscle, astrocytes, and neurons in the hypothalamus and peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Sodium channel-like proteinsItispossiblethatthesechannelsarenothighlysodium-selectiveorvoltage-gated.They are closely relatedphylogeneticallytothegroup ofsodiumchannelsonhumanchromosome2q23-24,wheretheirgeneisalso located.Successful functional expression of theseatypicalsodium channel-like proteins and identification ofadditional related sodium channels may provide evidencefora secondsodiumchannel subfamily
Sodium channel-like proteins It is possible that these channels are not highly sodiumselective or voltage-gated. They are closely related phylogenetically to the group of sodium channels on human chromosome 2q23–24, where their gene is also located. Successful functional expression of these atypical sodium channel-like proteins and identification of additional related sodium channels may provide evidence for a second sodium channel subfamily
Structure of Na+ channels
Structure of Na + channels