Perpetual-motion machine of the second kind 汽轮机 锅炉 net 发电机 给水泵
Perpetual –motion machine of the second kind 锅 炉 汽轮机 发电机 给水泵 凝 汽 器 Wnet Qout Q
第二类永动机??? 如果三峡水电站用降温法发电,使水 温降低5°C,发电能力可提高11.7倍。 设水位差为180米 重力势能转化为电能 E=mgh=1800m[] Q21000m11.7 mkg水降低5°C放热: E1800m 2=cmAt=21000m(]
第二类永动机??? 如果三峡水电站用降温法发电，使水 温降低5C，发电能力可提高11.7倍。 设水位差为180米 重力势能转化为电能： E mgh m J = =1800 [ ] mkg水降低5C放热： Q cm t m J = = 21000 [ ] 21000 11.7 1800 Q m E m = =
第二类永动机??? 水面 耗功 蒸汽 发电机 制冷系统 水 单热源热机
第二类永动机??? 单热源热机 水面 制冷系统 耗功 水 发电机 蒸汽
perpetual-motion machine 1874-1898,JW.Kelly, hydropneumatic pulsating-vacu-engine, collected millions of dollars 1918. the u.s. patent office decreed that it would on longer consider any perpetual-motion machine applications. 中国上世纪八十年代,王洪成,水变油
perpetual-motion machine • 1874-1898, J.W.Kelly, hydropneumaticpulsating-vacu-engine, collected millions of dollars. • 1918, the U.S. Patent Office decreed that it would on longer consider any perpetual-motion machine applications. • 中国上世纪八十年代，王洪成，水变油
克劳修斯表述 Clausius statement 不可能将热从低温物体传至高温 物体而不引起其它变化。 It is impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle and produces no effect other than the transfer of heat from a lower-temperature body to a higher-temperature body
克劳修斯表述 不可能将热从低温物体传至高温 物体而不引起其它变化。 It is impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle and produces no effect other than the transfer of heat from a lower-temperature body to a higher-temperature body. Clausius statement