College English Achievement Test No.2 (Unit 3&4/Book 3) Part I Writing (30 minutes) composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1.有人认为金钱是幸福之本(source of happiness) 2也有人认为金钱是万恶之源(r0 ot ofall ev 3.我的看法 Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet I For questions 1-7 mark Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage. N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10.complete the sentences with the information given in the passage If it weren't for nicotine,people wouldn't smoke tobacco.Why?Because of the more than 4000 chemicals in tobacco smok nicotine is the primary one that acts on the brain altering people's moods,appetites and alertness in ways they find pleasant and beneficial.Unfortunately as it is widely known.nicotine has a dark side:it is highly addictive.Once smokers become hooked on it,they must get their fix of it regularly,sometimes several dozen times a day.Cigarette smoke contains 43 known carcinogens,which means that long-term smoking can amount to a death sentence.In the.Americans die every from tobacco-related leses Breaking nicotine addiction is not year,nearly people makea effort to quit smoking.Sadly,less than 7 percent succeed in abstaining for more than a year;most start smoking again within days.So what is nicotine and how does it insinuate itself into the smoker's brain and very being? The nicotine found in tobacco is a potent drug and smokers.and even some scientists.say it offers certain benefits.One is enhance performance.One study found that non -smokers given doses of nicotine typed about 5 percent faster than they did without it.To greater or lesser degrees users also say nicotine helps them to maintain concentration,reduce anxiety,relieve pain,and even dampen their appetites(thus helping in weight control).Unfortunately,nicotine can also produce deleterious effects beyond addiction.At high doses,as are achieved from tobacco products,it can cause high bood pressure,distress in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems and an increase in susceptibility to seizures and hypothermia. First isolated as a compound in 1828,in its pure form nicotine is a clear liquid that turns brown when burned and smells like tobacco when exposed to air.It is found in several species of plants.including tobacco and.perhaps surprisingly.in tomatoes.potatoes.and eggplant(though in extremely low quantities that are pharmacologically insignificant for humans). As simple as it look the ciarette is highly ice delivery device.Fr instance
College English Achievement Test No.2 (Unit 3&4 / Book 3) Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Can Money Buy Happiness? You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 有人认为金钱是幸福之本 (source of happiness) 2. 也有人认为金钱是万恶之源 (root of all evil) 3. 我的看法 Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. If it weren’t for nicotine, people wouldn’t smoke tobacco. Why? Because of the more than 4000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, nicotine is the primary one that acts on the brain, altering people’s moods, appetites and alertness in ways they find pleasant and beneficial. Unfortunately, as it is widely known, nicotine has a dark side: it is highly addictive. Once smokers become hooked on it, they must get their fix of it regularly, sometimes several dozen times a day. Cigarette smoke contains 43 known carcinogens, which means that long-term smoking can amount to a death sentence. In the US alone, 420,000 Americans die every year from tobacco-related illnesses. Breaking nicotine addiction is not easy. Each year, nearly 35 million people make a concerted effort to quit smoking. Sadly, less than 7 percent succeed in abstaining for more than a year; most start smoking again within days. So what is nicotine and how does it insinuate itself into the smoker’s brain and very being? The nicotine found in tobacco is a potent drug and smokers, and even some scientists, say it offers certain benefits. One is enhance performance. One study found that non-smokers given doses of nicotine typed about 5 percent faster than they did without it. To greater or lesser degrees, users also say nicotine helps them to maintain concentration, reduce anxiety, relieve pain, and even dampen their appetites (thus helping in weight control). Unfortunately, nicotine can also produce deleterious effects beyond addiction. At high doses, as are achieved from tobacco products, it can cause high blood pressure, distress in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems and an increase in susceptibility to seizures and hypothermia. First isolated as a compound in 1828, in its pure form nicotine is a clear liquid that turns brown when burned and smells like tobacco when exposed to air. It is found in several species of plants, including tobacco and, perhaps surprisingly, in tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplant (though in extremely low quantities that are pharmacologically insignificant for humans). As simple as it looks, the cigarette is highly engineered nicotine delivery device. For instance
when tobacco researchers found that much of the nicotine in a cigarette wasn't released when bured but rather remained hemically bound within the tobacco leaf,they began addin substances such as ammonia to cigarette tobacco to release more nicotine.Ammonia helps keep nicotine in its basic form,which is more readily vaporised by the intense heat of the burning cigarette than the acidic form.Most cigarettes for sale in the US today contain 10 milligrams or more of nicotine.By inhaling smoke from a lighted cigarette.the average smoker takes 1 or 2 nicotne is needed to fuel addiction Research shows that manufacturers would have levels in a typical cigarette by 95%to forestall its power to addict.When a smoker puffs on a lighted cigarette,smoke,including vaporised nicotine,is drawn into the mouth The skin and lining of the mouth immediately absorb some nicotine.but the remainder flows straight down into the lungs,where it easily diffuses into the blood vessels lining the lung walls.The blood vessels cary the nicotine to the heart,which then to the brain While most of the ee a smoker seeks occur in the brain,the heart takes a hit as well.Studies have shown that a smoker's first cigarette of the day can increase his or her heart rate by 10 to 20 beats a minute.Scientists have found that a smoked substance reaches the brain more quickly than one swallowed,snorted (such as ccaine powder)or even injected.Indeed,inhaled in smoke will reach the brain hin 10 is Th ough blood ssels which branch out into capillaries within the brain.Capillaries normally carry nutrients but they readily accommodate nicotine molecules as well.Once inside the brain.nicotine.like most addictive drugs,triggers the release of chemicals associated with euphoria and pleasure. Just as it moves rapidly from the lungs into the bloodstream.nicotine also easily diffuses the spaces surrounding neu transmit nerve impulses throughout the nervous system.These 0 thoughts,feelings,and moods.To transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour,a neurone releases chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters.Like nicotine molecules,the neurotransmitters drift into the so-called synaptie space between neurones,ready to latch onto the receiving neurone and thus deliver a chemical"m The ne age"that triggersan electrical impul ters bind ceptors on th face of th channels in the cell surface through which enter ionsor charged atoms of sodum.This generate a current across the membrane of the receiving cell,which completes delivery of the "message" An accomplished mimic,nicotine competes with the neurotransmitters to bind to the receptors.It wins and,like the vanquished chemical,opens ion channels that let sodium ions into the cell.But there's a lot mor und than th riginalt a much large eads across the membra This bigger current au increased s to travel along certain neurones.With repeated smoking.the neurones adapt to this increased electrical activity. and the smoker becomes dependent on the nicotine. Ouestions 1-7 1.Although nicotine is probably the well-known chemical in cigarettes,it is not necessarily the one that changes the psyche of the smoker wh en cigarettes are smoke 2.In spite of the difficulties,according to the text more than thirty-five million people a year give up smoking. 3.It has been shown that nicotine in cigarettes can improve people's abilities to perform some actions more quickly
when tobacco researchers found that much of the nicotine in a cigarette wasn’t released when burned but rather remained chemically bound within the tobacco leaf, they began adding substances such as ammonia to cigarette tobacco to release more nicotine. Ammonia helps keep nicotine in its basic form, which is more readily vaporised by the intense heat of the burning cigarette than the acidic form. Most cigarettes for sale in the US today contain 10 milligrams or more of nicotine. By inhaling smoke from a lighted cigarette, the average smoker takes 1 or 2 milligrams of vaporised nicotine per cigarette. Today we know that only a miniscule amount of nicotine is needed to fuel addiction. Research shows that manufacturers would have to cut nicotine levels in a typical cigarette by 95% to forestall its power to addict. When a smoker puffs on a lighted cigarette, smoke, including vaporised nicotine, is drawn into the mouth. The skin and lining of the mouth immediately absorb some nicotine, but the remainder flows straight down into the lungs, where it easily diffuses into the blood vessels lining the lung walls. The blood vessels carry the nicotine to the heart, which then pumps it directly to the brain. While most of the effects a smoker seeks occur in the brain, the heart takes a hit as well. Studies have shown that a smoker’s first cigarette of the day can increase his or her heart rate by 10 to 20 beats a minute. Scientists have found that a smoked substance reaches the brain more quickly than one swallowed, snorted (such as cocaine powder) or even injected. Indeed, a nicotine molecule inhaled in smoke will reach the brain within 10 seconds. The nicotine travels through blood vessels, which branch out into capillaries within the brain. Capillaries normally carry nutrients but they readily accommodate nicotine molecules as well. Once inside the brain, nicotine, like most addictive drugs, triggers the release of chemicals associated with euphoria and pleasure. Just as it moves rapidly from the lungs into the bloodstream, nicotine also easily diffuses through capillary walls. It then migrates to the spaces surrounding neurones – ganglion cells that transmit nerve impulses throughout the nervous system. These impulses are the basis for our thoughts, feelings, and moods. To transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour, a neurone releases chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters. Like nicotine molecules, the neurotransmitters drift into the so-called synaptic space between neurones, ready to latch onto the receiving neurone and thus deliver a chemical “message” that triggers an electrical impulse. The neurotransmitters bind onto receptors on the surface of the recipient neurone. This opens channels in the cell surface through which enter ions, or charged atoms, of sodium. This generates a current across the membrane of the receiving cell, which completes delivery of the “message”. An accomplished mimic, nicotine competes with the neurotransmitters to bind to the receptors. It wins and, like the vanquished chemical, opens ion channels that let sodium ions into the cell. But there’s a lot more nicotine around than the original transmitter, so a much larger current spreads across the membrane. This bigger current causes increased electrical impulses to travel along certain neurones. With repeated smoking, the neurones adapt to this increased electrical activity, and the smoker becomes dependent on the nicotine. Questions 1 – 7 1. Although nicotine is probably the well-known chemical in cigarettes, it is not necessarily the one that changes the psyche of the smoker when cigarettes are smoked. 2. In spite of the difficulties, according to the text more than thirty-five million people a year give up smoking. 3. It has been shown that nicotine in cigarettes can improve people’s abilities to perform some actions more quickly
4.Added ammonia in cigarettes allows smokers to inhale more nicotine. 5.ored substances reach the brain faster than injete substances 6.Nicotine dilates the blood ve sthat carry it around the body 7.Nicotine molecules allow greater electrical charges to pass between neurones. Questions 8-10 8.Cigarette companies would have to cut the nicotine content in cigarettes by to prevent themfrom being addictive. 9.According to the passage.a cigarette can raise a smoker's heart rate by minute. 10.In order to transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour,a neurone sends known as neurotransmitters. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear 10 short conversations.At the end of each comversation a question will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause.you must read the four choices marked A).B).C) mnd d)and decide which is the best ans ver Then mark the ith a single line though the 1.A.It's better than George's. B.It's cheaper than George's. C.It's too expensive. D.It's too cheap 2.A.She needsa watch that shows seconds. B.She cannot find the man's stopwatch. C.She damaged s omething she borrowed from the man D.She cannot assist the man tomorrow 3.A.Bill will buy the car as soon as he gets the money. B.Bill's friend is buying the car for him. D.Bill cannot affor a new 4.A.Someone painted it for her B.She finally had time to paint it C.She decided to paint it later. D.Some friends will help her paint it. 5.A.He really doesn't know. B.Hedoe n't think the weather will make any difference C.He thinks his term will lose if the weather is bad D.He thinks bad weather will affect both teams. 6.A.parting.B.greeting C.complaining D.seeing someone off 7.A.She's going to read a book.B.She's going to work. C.She's goine ouy som th ngs.D.She's goir g t write a gr cery list 8.A.Because it is broken. B.Because it is not the siz ze he needs C.Because it is dirty. D.Because it is too small. 9.A.80.B.18.C.5:38D.5:18 10.A.Visit friends.B.Wash clothes.C.Go tothe laundry.D.Do some shopping
4. Added ammonia in cigarettes allows smokers to inhale more nicotine. 5. Snorted substances reach the brain faster than injected substances. 6. Nicotine dilates the blood vessels that carry it around the body. 7. Nicotine molecules allow greater electrical charges to pass between neurones. Questions 8 - 10 8. Cigarette companies would have to cut the nicotine content in cigarettes by _________ to prevent them from being addictive. 9. According to the passage, a cigarette can raise a smoker’s heart rate by _________ a minute. 10. In order to transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour, a neurone sends _________ known as neurotransmitters. Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 1. A. It’s better than George’s. B. It’s cheaper than George’s. C. It’s too expensive. D. It’s too cheap. 2. A. She needs a watch that shows seconds. B. She cannot find the man’s stopwatch. C. She damaged something she borrowed from the man. D. She cannot assist the man tomorrow. 3. A. Bill will buy the car as soon as he gets the money. B. Bill’s friend is buying the car for him. C. Bill has already made the down payment on the car. D. Bill cannot afford to buy a new car. 4. A. Someone painted it for her. B. She finally had time to paint it. C. She decided to paint it later. D. Some friends will help her paint it. 5. A. He really doesn’t know. B. He doesn’t think the weather will make any difference C. He thinks his term will lose if the weather is bad. D. He thinks bad weather will affect both teams. 6. A. parting. B. greeting C. complaining D. seeing someone off 7. A. She’s going to read a book. B. She’s going to work. C. She’s going to buy some things. D. She’s going to write a grocery list. 8. A. Because it is broken. B. Because it is not the size he needs. C. Because it is dirty. D. Because it is too small. 9. A. 80. B.18. C.5:38 D. 5:18 10. A .Visit friends. B. Wash clothes. C. Go to the laundry. D. Do some shopping
Section B In this section.o hear 3 passages.At the end ofeach passage.some question will be asked about what was said.Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once After each question there will be a pause.During the pause.you must read the four choices marked A).B).C)and D)and decide which is the best answer Then mark the coresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. When they don't have a car. B.When they live in a huge country. C.When they don't use planes. D When they have a car 12.A.The United States is hug B.Public transportation is not so good C.Americans like to be independent D.Americans like to move around 13 AA new kind ofcar B.Public transportation rtage Passage 2 14.A.When the plane was up in the sky. B.Ten minutes after she was sitting on board. C.Just before she faste ened hers D.While she was enjoying the beauty of the sky 15.A.The woman enjoyed the beauty of the evening sky from her plane B.The woman had a time bomb hidden in her suitcase. C.The ticking noise of the alarm clock caused her a little trouble D.The airline official and the police officer played a joke on her. 16.A.AnInteresting Day B.A False Alarm C.Two Mistakes Made D.An Unlawful Arrest. Passage 3 17 A food B Micro nism C.Milk D.Biochemicals 18.A.South-west Asia B.South-east Africa C.Ancient Rome. D.Europe 19.A.When people have more knowledge about micro-organisms. B.When people have advanced technology. C.When more factories have been built. d when cheese he me popular foods in daily life 20.A.How to make cheese B.A brief history of cheese C.The most important element in cheese making D.The industrial process of cheese making
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 passages. At the end of each passage, some questions will be asked about what was said. Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage 1 11. A. When they don’t have a car. B. When they live in a huge country. C. When they don’t use planes. D. When they have a car. 12. A. The United States is huge. B. Public transportation is not so good. C. Americans like to be independent. D. Americans like to move around. 13. A. A new kind of car. B. Public transportation. C. The gas shortage. D. Poor people. Passage 2 14. A. When the plane was up in the sky. B. Ten minutes after she was sitting on board. C. Just before she fastened her seat belt. D. While she was enjoying the beauty of the sky. 15. A. The woman enjoyed the beauty of the evening sky from her plane. B. The woman had a time bomb hidden in her suitcase. C. The ticking noise of the alarm clock caused her a little trouble. D. The airline official and the police officer played a joke on her. 16. A. An Interesting Day. B. A False Alarm. C. Two Mistakes Made. D. An Unlawful Arrest. Passage 3 17. A. food. B. Micro-organism. C. Milk D. Biochemicals. 18. A. South-west Asia. B. South-east Africa. C. Ancient Rome. D. Europe. 19. A. When people have more knowledge about micro-organisms. B. When people have advanced technology. C. When more factories have been built. D. When cheese become one of the most popular foods in daily life. 20. A. How to make cheese. B. A brief history of cheese. C. The most important element in cheese making. D. The industrial process of cheese making
Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes) Directions:In this sectionthere is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun,but the man with the 1 computer in business class.In the last 15 years,pilots have reported well over 100 2 that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference.The source of this interference_3 unconfirmed.but increasingly.experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as rphe镜空 and c player one industry,ha srecommended that all airlines ban (such devices from being used during"4"stages of flight,5 take-off and landing.Some experts have gone further calling for a total ban during all fights.Currently.rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines.And although some airlines prohibit nent during take-off and landing most are 6 to enforce a total engers want to work uring flights The difficulty is 7how fields might affect an aircraft's computers.Experts know that portable device emit radiation which 8 those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication.But,because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory.they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not. The fact that ai be yulne rable(易受损的) the that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation 9 As worrying though,is the passenger who can't hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music's too 10. A)definite F)particularly K)predicting B)incidents G)reluctant L)liberal C)effects H)refreshing M)affects D)remains 1)portable N)equipment E)critical J)enormous O)loud Section B Passage 1 Soon,you're going to have to move out!"cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plan known to mankind.or at least known in my neighborhood One tiny 9-inch plant.bought for $1.25 in the spring has already taken over much of my rose bed. covering much of other plants.and is well on its way to the front door. quire a good deal of care.and if t erenfor the pleasre they giveit ouln'beorth the work As it is,I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year.bushes mus be pruned()in early spring leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later.It was the space available()in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant.A big mistake
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section ,there is a passage with ten blanks .You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of ch0ices given in a word bank following the passage .Read the passage through carefully before making your choices .Each choice in bank is identified by a letter .Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center .You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the 1 computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 2 that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference 3 unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones. RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry, has recommended that all airlines ban（禁止）such devices from being used during “ 4 ” stages of flight, 5 take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are 6 to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights. The difficulty is 7 how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers. Experts know that portable device emit radiation which 8 those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not. The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable（易受损的）to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation 9 . As worrying, though, is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music’s too 10 . A) definite B) incidents C) effects D) remains E) critical F) particularly G) reluctant H) refreshing I) portable J) enormous K) predicting L) liberal M) affects N) equipment O) loud Section B Passage 1 “Soon, you’re going to have to move out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood. One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door. Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. bushes must be pruned(剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available(可用的) in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake