复旦大学：《热力学与物理统计》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）第三章 单元系的相变

U=G+Ts-pV dU=TdS-pdv+udn U=U(S,,n) aU aU aU aS an H=G+TS=U+pr dH= Tas+vdp+udn H=HS,P, n) aH V:/Ou aH S p,n on丿s,p

U = G +TS − pV dU = TdS − pdV + dn U =U(S,V, n) n S V U ,          = S V n U T ,         = V S n U p ,         = − H = G +TS =U + pV dH = TdS +Vdp + dn H = H(S, p, n) n S p H ,          = S p n H T ,         = S n p H V ,           =

F=G-pv=U-TS dF=-SdT-pdv+ udn F=FT,V, n) OF OF OF aT v. n T. n n丿r,y 3.巨热力势 J=F-un=F-G=-py dJ=-SdT- pdy-ndu J=J/(7,V,p) aJ J aT , TV

3. 巨热力势 J = F − n = F −G = − pV dJ = −SdT − pdV − nd J = J (T,V, ) T V J n ,           = − T V ,   J S         = − V T ,  J p         = − F = G − pV =U −TS dF = −SdT − pdV + dn F = F(T,V, n) n T V F ,          = T V n F S ,         = − V T n F p ,         = −