Exercises for unit 10-12 Part I Vocabulary (0.5*40-20) If you are not your parents will probably be annoyed with you A. current B accepta C obedient D. alien 2. The black population is curfew and repression A. denied B. defied C disobeyed D. disrespected 3. His manner was cold and to the beggar A enthusiastic B neutral C. indifferent D. concerned 4. His words came out in quick A. success C. successive D. succession 5. She for the professor who was ill A. substituted B. chang C. shifted D. replaced 6. Foreigners are the law of the country A subject to B. object to C. tend to D. ready to 7. It is strange that Mary while her mother is beautiful A. dull B. plain C. humble D. raw 8.I fatigue, and excuse myself. B pleade 9. Age has left its on his fac silently towards the bird B crept 11. Their duty is to their country against both domestic and forei A defend B. defer C. defeat D. delete 12. Cake flour. sugar and some other ingredients A. consists of B C is comprised of D. includes of 13. I don't bear to you, come up and have a cup of tea with me A curiosity B. initiative D. convenience 14. She took a pleasure in hurting others A. malignant B. malicious C. malevolent D. malign 15. They were nto silence by the king 16. His story of how he rescued the cat from the bottom of the well was quite A dramatic B. dramatics C drama D. dramatize 17. Rembrandt's self-portraits are works of genesis C genuine genius you through the forest A accompany B. deliver D. escort 19. He about taking the position B. faltered D. wavered 20. She had a great for the town where she grew up A affection B. affectation C. infection D. affectionate
Exercises for unit 10-12 Part Ⅰ Vocabulary (0.5*40=20) 1. If you are not _____, your parents will probably be annoyed with you. A. current B. acceptable C. obedient D. alien 2. The black population is _____ curfew and repression. A. denied B. defied C. disobeyed D. disrespected 3. His manner was cold and _____ to the beggar. A. enthusiastic B. neutral C. indifferent D. concerned 4. His words came out in quick ______ . A. success B. successor C. successive D. succession 5. She _____ for the professor who was ill. A. substituted B. changed C. shifted D. replaced 6. Foreigners are _____ the law of the country. A. subject to B. object to C. tend to D. ready to 7. It is strange that Mary is _____ while her mother is beautiful. A. dull B. plain C. humble D. raw 8. I _____ fatigue, and excuse myself. A. appealed B. pleaded C. begged D. petitioned 9. Age has left its _____ on his face. A. trace B. track C. scar D. stain 10. The cat ______ silently towards the bird. A. crawled B. crept C. crouched D. glided 11. Their duty is to ______ their country against both domestic and foreign enemies’ attack. A. defend B. defer C. defeat D. delete 12. Cake _____ flour, sugar and some other ingredients. A. consists of B. composes of C. is comprised of D. includes of 13. I don’t bear ______ to you, come up and have a cup of tea with me. A. curiosity B. initiative C. malice D. convenience 14. She took a _______ pleasure in hurting others. A. malignant B. malicious C. malevolent D. malign 15. They were ______ into silence by the king. A. awful B. awkward C. axe D. awed 16. His story of how he rescued the cat from the bottom of the well was quite ______ . A. dramatic B. dramatics C. drama D. dramatize 17. Rembrandt’s self-portraits are works of _______ . A. genie B. genesis C. genuine D. genius 18. These soldiers will _____ you through the forest. A. accompany B. deliver C. send D. escort 19. He _____ about taking the position. A. hesitated B. faltered C. vacillated D. wavered 20. She had a great ______ for the town where she grew up. A. affection B. affectation C. infection D. affectionate
21. There are three colors in the British flag red. white and blue A. shortly B. reluctant D necessarily 22. He has not a dollar but he is working hard to earn money A. to his name B. in his name C. under his name D. on his name 23. I offer the information that it may prove useful on a chance C. by chance D. on the chance 24. He proclaimed his innocence and his accusers to confront him openly. A contested B challenged C exclaimed D. acclaimed 25. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder lat A. the instant B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in an instant 26. The circus audience in amazement as she put her head in the tigers mouth C. breathed 27. The government has promised to take to help the laid-off workers find new jobs a measure B. measures C. step D. measurement 28. She often her clothes according to the latest fashion A changes B. varies C. alters D. alternates 29. The judge offered the criminal the of a fine or six months in prison A. altitude B. alteration C. alternation D. alternative 30. She wants to know whether the measures have been B. agreed with 31. The fact that the management is trying to reach agreement e separate unions has led to long negotiations A. over B. upon 32. She was tired of trips to the grocery, school and office. A. constant B. continual C continuous D nonstop 33 seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed B By C On D. For 34. Children who are overprotected by their parents may become D. hurt 35. I asked him for a job under the that he was the manager ---but he was not A idea B impression C thought D conception 36. The novel is a story of love and hate B. gripping C attracting D gripped 37. The information is the appropriate government departmen B. fed back to C. fed to D. fed on 38. In previous times, when fresh meat was in short pigeons were kept by many Astore pre C. reserve D supply I saw you at the race track last week I go quite often, but I bet B barely C. indignantly 40. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ch tu A had been captured B. being al ways captured
21. There are three colors in the British flag, ______, red, white and blue. A. shortly B. reluctantly C. namely D. necessarily 22. He has not a dollar _______ , but he is working hard to earn money. A. to his name B. in his name C. under his name D. on his name 23. I offer the information ______ that it may prove useful. A. by any chance B. on a chance C. by chance D. on the chance 24. He proclaimed his innocence and _______ his accusers to confront him openly. A. contested B. challenged C. exclaimed D. acclaimed 25. You see the lightning ______ it happens, but you hear the thunder later. A. the instant B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in an instant 26. The circus audience _______ in amazement as she put her head in the tiger’s mouth. A. grasped B. gasped C. breathed D. gashed 27. The government has promised to take ______ to help the laid-off workers find new jobs. A. a measure B. measures C. step D. measurement 28. She often _______ her clothes according to the latest fashion. A. changes B. varies C. alters D. alternates 29. The judge offered the criminal the _______ of a fine or six months in prison. A. altitude B. alteration C. alternation D. alternative 30. She wants to know whether the measures have been ______ . A. agreed B. agreed with C. agreed upon D. agreed over 31. The fact that the management is trying to reach agreement _______ five separate unions has led to long negotiations. A. over B. upon C. in D. with 32. She was tired of ______ trips to the grocery, school and office. A. constant B. continual C. continuous D. nonstop 33. ______ seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed. A. At B. By C. On D. For 34. Children who are overprotected by their parents may become _______ . A. damaged B. spoiled C. harmed D. hurt 35. I asked him for a job under the ______ that he was the manager --- but he was not. A. idea B. impression C. thought D. conception 36. The novel is a _____ story of love and hate. A. amusing B. gripping C. attracting D. gripped 37. The information is _____ the appropriate government department. A. fed up B. fed back to C. fed to D. fed on 38. In previous times, when fresh meat was in short ______ , pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food. A. store B. provision C. reserve D. supply 39. --- I saw you at the race track last week. --- I go quite often, but I bet _____. A. occasionally B. barely C. indignantly D. usually 40. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, _____ by the police each time. A. had been captured B. being always captured
C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are four choices marked A), B), C)and D).you Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive(欺騙性的) packaging rumpus( E R)started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart and their children were becoming higher and narrower. with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the Senator rightly complained of a store-bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put h is product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4 ounce, 8 ounce, one pound, two pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes, etc. A study of drugstore( 3 /)and supermarket shelves will convince any bserver that all possible size and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time, and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or bottle when it aids in pro duct differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product's market position When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from I dollar to 2.50 dollars by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5 ounce bottle look as thought it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high, when an average family pays about 200 dollars a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can,'t be used anything but stuffing the garbage can 41. What started the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus? A)Consumers complaints about the changes in the package size B) Expensive packaging for poor quality products C)Asenator's discovery of the tricks in packaging 42. The word"undue"(Line 2, Para. 2)means C)unexpected 43. Consumers are concerned about the changes in the package size, mainly because A)they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar with B)the unit price for a product often rises as a result C)they have to pay for the cost of changing package sizes D)this entails an increase in the cost of packaging 44. According to this passage, various types of packaging come into existence to
C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (2*20=40) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). you should decide on the best choice. Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive(欺骗性的) packaging rumpus(喧嚣) started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the Senator rightly complained of a store-bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whole pie. The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put h is product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4 ounce, 8 ounce, one pound, two pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes, etc. A study of drugstore(杂货店) and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible size and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time, and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or bottle when it aids in pro duct differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product's market position. When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from 1 dollar to 2.50 dollars by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5 ounce bottle look as thought it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high, when an average family pays about 200 dollars a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can't be used anything but stuffing the garbage can. 41. What started the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus? A) Consumers' complaints about the changes in the package size. B) Expensive packaging for poor quality products. C) A senator's discovery of the tricks in packaging. D) The rise in the unit price for many products. 42. The word "undue" (Line 2, Para.2) means"__________". A) improper B) adequate C) unexpected D) excessive 43. Consumers are concerned about the changes in the package size, mainly because _____. A) they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar with B) the unit price for a product often rises as a result C) they have to pay for the cost of changing package sizes. D) this entails an increase in the cost of packaging 44. According to this passage, various types of packaging come into existence to______
A)meet the needs of consumers B)suit all kinds of products C)enhance the market position of products pre 45. The author is critical mainly of A)dishonest packaging B)inferior packaging C)the changes in package size D)exaggerated illustrations on packages Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firm s have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual resp Labour is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer(CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human- resource management is central-usually the second most important executive, after the Ceo, in the firms hierarchy While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much mor narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the ba background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany(as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United Stated. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can,'t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear 46. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American A)They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills B)They see the gaining of skills as their employees own business C)They attach more importance to workers than equipment D)They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition 47. What is the position of the head of human-resource management in an American firm? A)He is one of the most important executives in the firms B)His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced
A) meet the needs of consumers B) suit all kinds of products C) enhance the market position of products D) introduce new products 45. The author is critical mainly of __________. A) dishonest packaging B) inferior packaging C) the changes in package size D) exaggerated illustrations on packages. Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage: If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firm s have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labour is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment. The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central-usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm's hierarchy. While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies. As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United Stated. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear. 46. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies? A) They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills. B) They see the gaining of skills as their employees' own business. C) They attach more importance to workers than equipment. D) They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition. 47. What is the position of the head of human-resource management in an American firm? A) He is one of the most important executives in the firms. B) His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced
C)He is directly under the chief financial executive D)He has no say in making important decisions in the firm 48. The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to A)workers who can operate new equipment B)technological and managerial staff C)workers who lack basic background skills D)top executives 49. According to the passage, the decisive factor in maintaining a firms competitive advantage A)the introduction of new technologies B)the improvement of worker's basic skills C) the rational composition of professional and managerial employees D)the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A)American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource B) Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human-resource management C)The head of human-resource management must be in the central position in a firm's D)The human-resource management strategies of American firms affect their competitive Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage: The biographer has to dance between two shaky positions with respect to the subject( bf% XfR). Too close a relation, and the writer may lose objectivity. Not close enough, and the writer may lack the sympathy necessary to any effort to portray a mind, a soul-the quality of life. Who nould write the biography of a family, for example? Because of their closeness to the subject, family members may have special information, but by the same token, they may not have th distance that would allow them to be fair. Similarly, a kings servant might not be the best one to write a biography of that king, But a foreigner might not have the knowledge and sympathy necessary to write the kings biography- not for a readership from within the kingdom, at any rate There is no ideal position for such a task. The biographer has to work with the position he or she has in the world, adjusting that position as necessary to deal with the subject. Every position has strengths and weaknesses: to thrive, a writer must try to become aware of these, evaluate them in terms of the subject, and select a position accordingly When their subjects are heroes or famous figures, biographies often reveal a democratic motive: they attempt to show that their subjects are only human, no better than anyone else. Other biographies are meant to change us, to invite us to become better than we are. The biographies of Jesus(耶稣) found in the bible are in this class Biographers may claim that their account is the"authentic"one. In advancing this claim they are helped if the biography is "authorized"by the subject; this presumably allows the biographer special access to private information. "Unauthorized"biographies also have their appeal, however, since they can suggest an independence of mind in the biographer. In book promotions, the"unauthorized"characterization usually suggests the prospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress. A subject might have several biographies, even sever al
C) He is directly under the chief financial executive. D) He has no say in making important decisions in the firm. 48. The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to _____. A) workers who can operate new equipment B) technological and managerial staff C) workers who lack basic background skills D) top executives 49. According to the passage, the decisive factor in maintaining a firm's competitive advantage is __________. A) the introduction of new technologies B) the improvement of worker's basic skills C) the rational composition of professional and managerial employees D) the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A) American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management. B) Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human-resource management . C) The head of human-resource management must be in the central position in a firm's hierarchy. D) The human-resource management strategies of American firms affect their competitive capacity. Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage: The biographer has to dance between two shaky positions with respect to the subject(研究 对象). Too close a relation, and the writer may lose objectivity. Not close enough, and the writer may lack the sympathy necessary to any effort to portray a mind, a soul--the quality of life. Who should write the biography of a family, for example? Because of their closeness to the subject, family members may have special information, but by the same token, they may not have the distance that would allow them to be fair. Similarly, a king's servant might not be the best one to write a biography of that king, But a foreigner might not have the knowledge and sympathy necessary to write the king's biography-not for a readership from within the kingdom, at any rate. There is no ideal position for such a task. The biographer has to work with the position he or she has in the world, adjusting that position as necessary to deal with the subject. Every position has strengths and weaknesses: to thrive, a writer must try to become aware of these, evaluate them in terms of the subject, and select a position accordingly. When their subjects are heroes or famous figures, biographies often reveal a democratic motive: they attempt to show that their subjects are only human, no better than anyone else. Other biographies are meant to change us, to invite us to become better than we are. The biographies of Jesus(耶稣) found in the Bible are in this class. Biographers may claim that their account is the "authentic" one. In advancing this claim, they are helped if the biography is "authorized" by the subject; this presumably allows the biographer special access to private information. "Unauthorized" biographies also have their appeal, however, since they can suggest an independence of mind in the biographer. In book promotions, the "unauthorized" characterization usually suggests the prospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress. A subject might have several biographies, even sever al