上游究通大学 地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 一、日、地、月(sun,earth,moon)关系： 地球绕太阳转-分四季 月球绕地球转一月相、日食、月食 Penumbra Umbra Eclipse of the aun Earth One lunar month Earth Sun Umbra PHASES OF THE MOON.The Moon completes one cycle of phases every lunar month,or 29.5 days. Penumbra Eclipse of the moon ●O)D●●●D( Sun New Waxing First Waxing Full Waning Last Waning New SHADOWS IN SPACE The Moon's shadow on Earth causes a moon crescent quarter gibbous moon gibbous quarter crescent moon solar eclipse;Earth's shadow on the Moon a lunar eclipse
地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) 一、日、地、月 (sun, earth, moon) 关系： 地球绕太阳转-分四季 月球绕地球转－月相、日食、月食
上游究通大学 地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 二、地球公转、自转 地球自转，月球公转； Center of Moon 地-月球公共质心平动， earth's mass B Earth 系统绕太阳公转（潮汐） Center of moon's mass Gravitation forces between earth and moon centers (a) Common axis of rotation earth-moon system Moon Earth oon'sorbitabout of mass about the sun Moon Earth Earth's orbit about earth-moon center of mass Sun Center of mass of earth-moon system Gravitational and centrifugal forces Centrifugal forces acting on between sun and earth-moon system centers earth and moon centers (c) (b)
地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) 二、地球公转、自转 地球自转，月球公转； 地--月球公共质心平动， 系统绕太阳公转(潮汐)
上游充通大兽 地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 地球发展史 cambrian Proterozoic Epoch Archean Hadean Tertiary Period 4.6 billion years ago Figure 1.2 The history of the earth showing evolution of life-forms. After U.S.Geological Survey publication,Geologic Time
地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) 地球发展史
上游究通大学 地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 三、地转偏向力（地球自转） a=Initial north or south wind velocity b=Initial eastward velocity minus the eastward velocity of the earth at a higher latitude c Resultant velocity of the wind 850 km/hi 1700 km/hr Equator 850, km/hr Because air moving northward from the equator to point A carries with it its initial eastward velocity.the air is deflected to the right of the initial wind direction in the Northern Hemisphere.In the Southern Hemisphere,air moving southward to point B is deflected to the left
地球的运动(The Motion of The Earth) 三、地转偏向力（地球自转）
上游究通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY N a=Initial north or south wind velocity b=Initial eastward velocity minus the eastward velocity of the earth at a higher latitude c=Resultant velocity of the wind Air moving toward the equator passes from a latitude of lower eastward speed to a latitude of higher eastward speed.The result is deflection to the right of the initial wind direction in the Northern Hemisphere and deflection to the left in the Southem Hemisphere.There is no deflection at Equator the equator. S ◆Initial direction -----Resultant direction Equator The deflection of eastward-moving and westward-moving air.There is no deflection at the equator