Introduction Historical Perspective Unique contribution of epidemiology to the repertoire of clinical research designs First case-control study performed in late 1950s Doll and hills study of lung cancer and smoking behavior among physicians a Jerome Cornfields classic description of Retrospective Studies New statistical tools were developed to analyze the study design -logistic regression
n Unique contribution of epidemiology to the repertoire of clinical research designs n First case-control study performed in late 1950s n Doll and Hill’s study of lung cancer and smoking behavior among physicians n Jerome Cornfield’s classic description of “Retrospective Studies” n New statistical tools were developed to analyze the study design - logistic regression Historical Perspective Introduction
Introduction Definition A case-control study is a design in which individuals with an event or condition of interest CASES, are identified and then compared with regard to one or more exposures to individuals without the event or condition of interest CONTROLS Case-control investigations typically are designed to assess the association between occurrence of disease and an exposure suspected of causing(or preventing) that disease
Definition A case-control study is a design in which individuals with an event or condition of interest, CASES, are identified and then compared with regard to one or more exposures to individuals without the event or condition of interest, CONTROLS. Case-control investigations typically are designed to assess the association between occurrence of disease and an exposure suspected of causing (or preventing) that disease. Introduction
Introduction Exposed a/(a+c) Cases Unexposed(c Exposed⑤ b/(b+d) Controls Unexposed d Direction of inquiry
a b c d Cases Controls Direction of inquiry Exposed Exposed Unexposed Unexposed a/(a+c) b/(b+d) Introduction
Introduction Types Family of epidemiological study designs a Traditional case-control design Case-control studies within cohorts a Nested case-control study design ase-cohort study design Case-parent study design Case-only study design EPIDEMIOLOGY AN EALTH STATISTI
Types Family of epidemiological study designs n Traditional case-control design n Case-control studies within cohorts n Nested case-control study design n Case-cohort study design n Case-parent study design n Case-only study design EPIDEMIOLOGY AND HEALTH STATISTICS 1957 卫 Introduction
Matching Summarize ypes a Problems with Matching EPIDEMIOLOGY AN EALTH STATISTI
Matching n Summarize n Types n Problems with Matching EPIDEMIOLOGY AND HEALTH STATISTICS 1957 卫