Courtesy of Eli Meir. Used with permission Conservation Examples Population Viability Analysis Butterflies and restoration Indicator Species Good idea? Hotspots Endangered species Part of declaring a species endangered involves doing a population Viability Analysis(PVa) a population is not considered endangered if it has 95% chance of persisting for 100 years Once a species is declared endangered, it gets a "recovery plan . What will be done to help it .When is it considered "recovered
Conservation Examples Population Viability Analysis - Butterflies and Restoration Indicator Species - Good idea? Hotspots Endangered Species Part of declaring a species endangered involves doing a Population Viability Analysis (PVA) A population is not considered endangered if it has 95% chance of persisting for 100 years. Once a species is declared endangered, it gets a “recovery plan” •What will be done to help it •When is it considered “recovered” 1 Courtesy of Eli Meir. Used with permission
Fender's blue butterfl Pretty butterfly that lives in western Oregon Lays eggs on Kincaids Lupine Kincaid's lupine only grows in" old growth"prairies Prairies are prime land for arms. subu urbs, shopping malls, Both Kincaids Lupine and Fender's blue butterfly were recently listed as endangered species Sources: Schultz and Hammond(2003)Conservation Biology 17: 1372-1385 Schultz(1998)Conservation Biology 12: 284-298 E.Cronepers.comm
Fender’s Blue Butterfly Pretty butterfly that lives in western Oregon Lays eggs on Kincaid’s Lupine Kincaid’s Lupine only grows in “old growth” prairies Prairies are prime land for farms, suburbs, shopping malls, universities… Both Kincaid’s Lupine and Fender’s Blue Butterfly were recently listed as endangered species. Sources: Schultz and Hammond (2003) Conservation Biology 17:1372-1385. Schultz (1998) Conservation Biology 12: 284-298 E. Crone, pers. comm. 2
Population Viability for Fender's blue yearly populat ion census in different patches assume Density independent growth . No observer error . No exceptional years Use exponential growth equation N(t+1)=N(t)+(r+)N(t) E=error term
Population Viability for Fender’s Blue Data: •Yearly population census in different patches Assume: •Density independent growth •No observer error •No exceptional years Use exponential growth equation N(t+1) = N(t) + (r + ε) N(t) ε = error term 3
Growth rate and variance for Fender's blue population growth rate population () Butterf Private Unprotected 412 Fern ridge Public Protected 1461 Fern Ridge Public Protected 1.338 Spires lane Willow Creek-Private Protected 1.34 0.692 Bailey hil Willow Creel Private 738 0.387 Main area Willow Creek- Private Protected 9 43 1.56 0.918 North area BasketButtePublic Protected 1.12 0436 99 0468 McTimmondsPublic 2.02 171 15 valle Mill creek IPublic Unprotected10 1.31 0607 Oak Ridge Private 49 Avg growth rate=1. 49 Avg variance=0.79 (for sites with> 25 butterflies=0.54) Chance of persistence Local (distanc Butterfly 0.92±0.3 67±0.220.2 <001 0.48±0.40 Willow Creck-0.15±0. IcTimmonds003±0.41 Creck 015±0.59
Growth rate and variance for Fender’s Blue Site Ownership Protected status Number of censuses Average population sizec Population growth rate (Ȝ) Variance in population growth rate (ı 2 ) Butterfly Meadowsd Private Unprotected 8 412 1.06 0.122 Fern Ridge – Eaton Lane Public Protected 9 5 2.66 1.461 Fern Ridge – Spires Lane Public Protected 9 22 1.92 1.338 Fir Butte Public Protected 8 54 1.61 0.861 Willow CreekBailey Hill Private Protected 9 77 1.34 0.692 Willow CreekMain Area Private Protected 9 738 1.15 0.387 Willow CreekNorth Area Private Protected 9 43 1.56 0.918 Basket Butte Public Protected 8 589 1.12 0.436 Gopher Valley Private Unprotected 8 10 0.99 0.468 McTimmonds Valley Public Unprotectede 9 11 2.02 1.715 Mill Creek Public Unprotectede 10 17 1.31 0.607 Oak Ridge Private Unprotected 9 149 1.21 0.448 Avg. growth rate = 1.49 Avg. variance = 0.79 (for sites with > 25 butterflies = 0.54) Chance of Persistence 4
Multiple patches= Metapopulation Chance of survival with no colonization is survival anywhere=1-I(1-survival) Chance of survival WITH colonization will be higher Metapopulation can survive even when all patches will Individually go extinct
Multiple Patches = Metapopulation Chance of survival with no colonization is: survival anywhere = 1 - Π (1 - survivali ) i Chance of survival WITH colonization will be higher Metapopulation can survive even when all patches will Individually go extinct 5