细胞科学 el Science 蔡国平
细胞科学 Cell Science （11） 蔡国平
8 11. The cell nucleus and the control of gene expression 1. Outline 2. The nuclear envelope 3. The nucleolus 4 The chromatin and chromosomes 5. The nucleus as an organized organelle 6: The complex of eukaryote genome 7. Control of gene expression in karyotes
§11. The cell nucleus and the control of gene expression 1. Outline 2. The nuclear envelope 3. The nucleolus 4. The chromatin and chromosomes 5. The nucleus as an organized organelle 6. The complex of eukaryote genome 7. Control of gene expression in karyotes
DNA and associated proteins(chromatin) endoplasmIc reticulum ucleolu l centro osome microtubule intermediate filaments nuclear lamina nuclear pore outer nuclear membrane nuclear envelope inner nuclear membrane
11.1. Outline The nucleus is the biggest and most important organelle of the cell. The presence of the nucleus is the principal feature that distinguishes eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells, Almost eukaryotic cells have the nucleus except mature red blood cells of mammals and sieve cells of high plants etc. By housing the cells genome, the nucleus serves both as the repository of genetic information and as the control center of cellular inheritance and metabolisms. From a fertilized egg the complete set of genetic instructions are faithfully replicated and distributed to each cell of a developing organism. However, for each different cell with the completely same genetic blueprints, there are also the programs and mechanism by which the blueprints are selectively put into effect at different cells at particular
11.1. Outline The nucleus is the biggest and most important organelle of the cell. The presence of the nucleus is the principal feature that distinguishes eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells, Almost eukaryotic cells have the nucleus except mature red blood cells of mammals and sieve cells of high plants etc.. By housing the cell’s genome, the nucleus serves both as the repository of genetic information and as the control center of cellular inheritance and metabolisms. From a fertilized egg the complete set of genetic instructions are faithfully replicated and distributed to each cell of a developing organism. However, for each different cell with the completely same genetic blueprints, there are also the programs and mechanism by which the blueprints are selectively put into effect at different cells at particular
N 间 Animal cell nucleus (b) Plant cell nucleus Figure 16-25 The Nucleus. The nucleus is a prominent structural secretory granules (SG) in the cytoplasm. (b) The nucleus(N)of a plant feature in most eukaryotic cells. (a) The nucleus IN of an animal cell. This cell. This is a cell from a soybean root nodule. The prominence af plastids s an insulin-producing cell from a rat pancreas: hence, the prominence of P)reflects their role in the storage of starch granules (TEMs)