Bandura's social Learning Theory 0 4.4.2 The earlier explanations of observational learning o 1908, Watson replicated Thorndike's research with monkeys. he too found no evidence for observational learning. "learning can result from direct experience and not from indirect or vicarious experience ●杀鸡给猴看?
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory ⚫ 4.4.2 The earlier explanations of observational learning ⚫ 1908, Watson replicated Thorndike’s research with monkeys, he too found no evidence for observational learning. “learning can result from direct experience and not from indirect or vicarious experience.” ⚫ 杀鸡给猴看？
Bandura's social Learning Theory 0 4.4.2 The earlier explanations of observational learning Miller and Dollard: they did not deny the fact that an organism could learn by observing the activities of another organism. If imitative behavior is reinforced, it will be strengthened like any other kind of behavior. Ifimitative responses were not made and reinforced, no learning would take place.So, imitative learning was the result of observation, overt responding, and reinforcement
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory ⚫ 4.4.2 The earlier explanations of observational learning ⚫ Miller and Dollard: they did not deny the fact that an organism could learn by observing the activities of another organism. If imitative behavior is reinforced, it will be strengthened like any other kind of behavior.If imitative responses were not made and reinforced, no learning would take place.So, imitative learning was the result of observation, overt responding, and reinforcement
Bandura's Social Learning Theory 4.4.2 Bandura's account of observational learning o Bandura regarded observational learning as primarily a cognitive process, which involves a number of attributes thought of as distinctly human, such as language, morality, thinking and the self-regulation of one's behavior Observational learning may or may not involve imitation. e.g. a traffic accident. What you learned was information, which was processed cognitive and acted on in a way that was advantageous. It is much more complex than simple imitation
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory ⚫ 4.4.2 Bandura’s account of observational learning ⚫ Bandura regarded observational learning as primarily a cognitive process, which involves a number of attributes thought of as distinctly human, such as language, morality, thinking ,and the self-regulation of one’s behavior. ⚫ Observational learning may or may not involve imitation.e.g. a traffic accident. What you learned was information, which was processed cognitively and acted on in a way that was advantageous. It is much more complex than simple imitation
Bandura's social Learning Theory o 4.4.2 Bandura's account of observational learning o Experimental foundation: children observed a film in which a model was shown hitting and kicking a large doll. One group of children saw the model reinforced for his aggressiveness. A second group of children saw the model punished. For a third group the consequences of the models aggressiveness were neutral. Then, the children were exposed to the doll and their aggressiveness toward it was measured o the results showed that the children in the first group were most aggressive, the children in the second group were least aggressive, and the children in the third group were between the two
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory ⚫ 4.4.2 Bandura’s account of observational learning ⚫ Experimental foundation:children observed a film in which a model was shown hitting and kicking a large doll. One group of children saw the model reinforced for his aggressiveness. A second group of children saw the model punished. For a third group the consequences of the model’s aggressiveness were neutral. Then, the children were exposed to the doll, and their aggressiveness toward it was measured. ⚫ the results showed that the children in the first group were most aggressive, the children in the second group were least aggressive, and the children in the third group were between the two
Bandura's social learning Theory 0 4.4.2 Banduras account of observational learning o The experiment demonstrated that the childrens behavior was influenced by indirect or vicarious experience. That is, what they observed another person experiencing had an impact on their own behavior In the second phase of the study, all the children were offered an attractive incentive for reproducing the behavior of the model, and they all did so. In other words. all the children had learned the models aggressive responses, but they performed differently, depending on whether they
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory ⚫ 4.4.2 Bandura’s account of observational learning ⚫ The experiment demonstrated that the children’s behavior was influenced by indirect or vicarious experience. That is, what they observed another person experiencing had an impact on their own behavior. ⚫ In the second phase of the study, all the children were offered an attractive incentive for reproducing the behavior of the model, and they all did so. In other words, all the children had learned the model’s aggressive responses, but they performed differently, depending on whether they