SIze comparison of microorganisms Meters Visibility scale Relative size of microbes 10 _1, um or 1 mm Naked ey Prokaryotes um 10w Bacillus megaterium 1,000 nm or 1 um Eukaryotes cherichia coli 100nm Light microscope Mycoplasma 10 10 nm Virus Vil Iruses 10-9 1 nm Electron microscope
size comparison of microorganisms Meters Visibility scale Relative size of Microbes Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Viruses Naked eye Light microscope Electron microscope
Surface area and volume relationships in cells Surface area.12. um' Valine. 4.2 Slate a cell increases in size its surface area-to 1-2um volume ratio decreases StudE area- 500 Am woure-335wm' Surace Mours =15
a cell increases in size, its surface area – to – volume ratio decreases Surface area and volume relationships in cells
Shape: bacteria have a few basic shapes spherical coccus ● 8。豔 Rod-shaped bacillus spirillum Spirillum
spirallum Shape: Bacteria have a few basic shapes spherical coccus Rod-shaped bacillus
Prokaryotic cell wall The cell wall of the bacterial cel ell is a complex, semi-rigid structure that is responsible for the characteristic shape of the cell. The cell wall surrounds the underlying, fragile plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane and protects it and internal parts of the cell from adverse changes in the surrounding environment Almost all prokaryotes have cell walls
• The cell wall of the bacterial cell is a complex, semi-rigid structure that is responsible for the characteristic shape of the cell. The cell wall surrounds the underlying, fragile plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane and protects it and internal parts of the cell from adverse changes in the surrounding environment. • Almost all prokaryotes have cell walls. Prokaryotic cell wall
Schematic diagram of bacterial cell walls G ram+ Gram- eptidoclycan Peptidoglycan -Membrane ,Membrane Periplasm Lipopolysaccharide and protein Bacteria can be divided into two major groups. called gram-positive and gram-negative. The original distinction between gram-positive and gram-negative was based on a special staining procedure, the Gram stain
Gram+ GramSchematic diagram of bacterial cell walls Bacteria can be divided into two major groups, called gram-positive and gram-negative. The original distinction between gram-positive and gram-negative was based on a special staining procedure, the Gram stain