implements, must have been aware of stocking live cinders and human characteristics must have been bestowed upon them Preceded by the endless primeval period, Xia arose around 2, 100 B.C. the pioneering dynasty over Chinese history Behind Xia proceeded Shang(about 1, 600 BC-1, 100 B.C., the Western Zhou(about 1, 100 BC.770 B.C.), the Spring-Autumn Period and the Warring States Period(770 BC.221 B.C.) China had evolved into an independent phase of social transition
• implements, must have been aware of stocking live cinders and human characteristics must have been bestowed upon them. • Preceded by the endless primeval period, Xia arose around 2,100 B.C.—the pioneering dynasty over Chinese history. Behind Xia proceeded Shang (about 1,600 B.C.—1,100 B.C.), the Western Zhou (about 1,100 B.C.—770 B.C.), the Spring-Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (770 B.C.—221 B.C.). China had evolved into an independent phase of social transition
China comes among the earliest countries that were engaged in economic development. AS early as five or six millennia ago the primitive people living along the reaches of the Yellow River Valley undertook husbandry as a primary subsistence means and bred livestock. During the Shang Dynasty 3, 500 B.C. the technology of smelting bronze had been invented and iron objects applied extensively while the white pottery and colored glazed porcelain could be found at the households and the advanced silk reeling and weaving prospered, bringing forth the initiative jacquard weaving technique in the world
• China comes among the earliest countries that were engaged in economic development. As early as five or six millennia ago the primitive people living along the reaches of the Yellow River Valley undertook husbandry as a primary subsistence means and bred livestock. During the Shang Dynasty 3,500 B.C. the technology of smelting bronze had been invented and iron objects applied extensively while the white pottery and colored glazed porcelain could be found at the households, and the advanced silk reeling and weaving prospered, bringing forth the initiative jacquard weaving technique in the world
In the course of the Warring States Period (475 BC 221 B.C), it was Li Bing and his sons who took joint charge of constructing the world-famous dujiangyan Dam, a water control project (in modern Chengdu) which had equitably settled the relationship between irrigation, flood diversion and sand drainage and has persistently been in effect nowadays, a resplendent achievement concerning water conservancy technology in ancient times. The ideological and academic creation campaign during the Spring-Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was surging on when a huge flock of masters on behalf of the distinct schools wrote books and found doctrines respectively asserting their views on the political and social phenomenon. There emerged the phase " A Hundred Schools Contending with the advent of confucius. Master Lao, Master Mo and master sun
• In the course of the Warring States Period (475 B.C.— 221 B.C.), it was Li Bing and his sons who took joint charge of constructing the world-famous Dujiangyan Dam, a water control project (in modern Chengdu), which had equitably settled the relationship between irrigation , flood diversion and sand drainage and has persistently been in effect nowadays, a resplendent achievement concerning water conservancy technology in ancient times. The ideological and academic creation campaign during the Spring-Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was surging on when a huge flock of masters on behalf of the distinct schools wrote books and found doctrines respectively asserting their views on the political and social phenomenon. There emerged the phase “A Hundred Schools Contending” with the advent of Confucius, Master Lao, Master Mo and Master Sun
In 221 B.C. Yin Zheng, a highly-gifted ambitious king of Qin Kingdom ended the turmoil and chaos between dukes or kings during the Warring States Period and consequently established the first united, power- centralized, multi-nationality and feudal autocratic monarchy-Qin, and he claimed himself as Shih Huang ti or"First Emperor. The first emperor exhibited his feats in unifying pictographs, measurement systems and currencies, founding the state system, constructing the illustrious Great Wall and building up for himself grand scale palaces, mausoleums and sojourn residences Nowadays the architectural structures on the ground have been demolished early in the past battles and fire disasters; however, the articles earthed deeply underground have long been preserved. Simply take an instance from a segment of the archaeological discovery, those chivalrous-looking terra cotta warriors buried in the proximity of the mausoleum of the first emperor have been well reputed as the Eighth World Wonder, the grandeur of which attracts tourists from at home and abroad with unceasing praises
• In 221 B.C. Yin Zheng , a highly-gifted ambitious king of Qin Kingdom ended the turmoil and chaos between dukes or kings during the Warring States Period and consequently established the first united , power- centralized , multi-nationality and feudal autocratic monarchy—Qin, and he claimed himself as “Shih Huangti” or “First Emperor”. The first emperor exhibited his feats in unifying pictographs, measurement systems and currencies, founding the state system, constructing the illustrious Great Wall and building up for himself grand- scale palaces, mausoleums and sojourn residences. Nowadays, the architectural structures on the ground have been demolished early in the past battles and fire disasters; however, the articles earthed deeply underground have long been preserved. Simply take an instance from a segment of the archaeological discovery, those chivalrous-looking terra cotta warriors buried in the proximity of the mausoleum of the first emperor have been well reputed as the Eighth World Wonder, the grandeur of which attracts tourists from at home and abroad with unceasing praises
Toward the decline of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, the two generals born of civilian and noble background respectively, overthrew jointly the reign of Qin and then contended for hegemony. A couple of years later, Liu Bang triumphed over Xiang Yu, and therefore founded the mighty Han Dynasty, during which agriculture, craftswork and commerce were immensely developed. Liu Che, King Wu of Han(140B. C--87A. D) reigned through the most powerful and prosperous period. He mobilized expeditionary forces to defeat and drive out Huns and commissioned zhang Qian as his envoy to visit the West Territory in consequence that the route which started from Chang,an(Xi'an in modern Shaanxi Province)via Xinjiang and the mid-Asia to the eastern coast of the Mediterranean was opened to traffic, which was welcomed as the Silk Route and by which Chinese gorgeous fine silk products were incessantly transported westward s
• Toward the decline of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, the two generals born of civilian and noble background respectively, overthrew jointly the reign of Qin and then contended for hegemony. A couple of years later, Liu Bang triumphed over Xiang Yu, and therefore founded the mighty Han Dynasty, during which agriculture, craftswork and commerce were immensely developed. Liu Che, King Wu of Han (140B.C--87A.D.) reigned through the most powerful and prosperous period. He mobilized expeditionary forces to defeat and drive out Huns and commissioned Zhang Qian as his envoy to visit the West Territory in consequence that the route which started from Chang’an ( Xi’an in modern Shaanxi Province ) via Xinjiang and the mid-Asia to the eastern coast of the Mediterranean was opened to traffic, which was welcomed as the Silk Route and by which Chinese gorgeous fine silk products were incessantly transported westward